Circulatory System TOC#_______ Adapted from: S. MORRIS 2006 Circulatory System Circulatory System: Heart, Myocardium, Atrium(s), Ventricle(s), Pulmonary vs. Systemic Circulation, Valves, Aorta, Arteries, Veins, Capillaries, Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin, White Blood Cells, Platelets, Lymph, Spleen. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Functions Transportation system by which oxygen and nutrients reach the body's cells, and waste materials are carried away. Also carries substances called hormones, which control body processes, and antibodies to fight invading germs.

Pulmonary Circulation Movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again

Systemic Circulation Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout the body , except for the heart and lungs

Close up of heart valve Heart sounds are made by the valves as they open and close http://hes.ucf.k12.pa.us/gclaypo/circdia.html

Pericardium Enclosed in a protective sac called the ___________

The Heart The heart contracts about 72 times per minute Pumps about 70mL of blood with each contraction.

now lets look inside the heart Circulatory System TOC#_______ The Heart This is a vein. It brings blood from the body, except the lungs. These are arteries. They carry blood away from the heart. 2 atria Coronary arteries, the hearts own blood supply 2 ventricles The heart has four chambers now lets look inside the heart Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

The Heart Artery to Lungs Artery to Head and Body Circulatory System TOC#_______ The Heart Artery to Lungs Artery to Head and Body Vein from Head and Body Vein from Lungs Right Atrium Left Atrium valve valve Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Heart Beat Because the SA node paces the heart it is known as the pacemaker. Creates the electrical current that sets the pace for the heart The impulse spreads from the pacemaker to the rest of the atria. When the ventricle contracts, blood flows out. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdoSreUAthA

The heart beat begins when the heart muscles relax and blood Circulatory System TOC#_______ How does the Heart work? STEP ONE blood from the body blood from the lungs The heart beat begins when the heart muscles relax and blood flows into the atria. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

The atria then contract and Circulatory System TOC#_______ How does the Heart work? STEP TWO The atria then contract and the valves open to allow blood into the ventricles. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

The cycle then repeats itself. Circulatory System TOC#_______ How does the Heart work? The valves close to stop blood flowing backwards. The ventricles contract forcing the blood to leave the heart. At the same time, the atria are relaxing and once again filling with blood. STEP THREE The cycle then repeats itself. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

blood from the heart gets around the body through blood vessels Circulatory System TOC#_______ blood from the heart gets around the body through blood vessels There are 3 types of blood vessels a. ARTERY b. VEIN c. CAPILLARY Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Circulatory System TOC#_______ The ARTERY Arteries carry blood away from the heart. the elastic fibres allow the artery to stretch under pressure thick muscle and elastic fibres the thick muscle can contract to push the blood along. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Veins carry blood towards the heart. Circulatory System TOC#_______ The VEIN Veins carry blood towards the heart. veins have valves which act to stop the blood from going in the wrong direction. thin muscle and elastic fibres body muscles surround the veins so that when they contract to move the body, they also squeeze the veins and push the blood along the vessel. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

The CAPILLARY Capillaries link Arteries with Veins Circulatory System TOC#_______ The CAPILLARY Capillaries link Arteries with Veins they exchange materials between the blood and other body cells. the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick The exchange of materials between the blood and the body can only occur through capillaries. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

The CAPILLARY A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed. Circulatory System TOC#_______ The CAPILLARY A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed. artery vein capillaries body cell Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

what’s in BLOOD digested food red blood cells white blood cells oxygen Circulatory System TOC#_______ what’s in digested food red blood cells white blood cells BLOOD oxygen waste (urea) platelets carbon dioxide hormones plasma Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Blood About 5,000,000 Red Blood Cells in ONE drop of blood. Most numerous type Transport oxygen Get color from hemoglobin Disk shaped Made in red bone marrow Circulate for 120 days

Circulatory System TOC#_______ White Blood Cells there are many different types and all contain a big nucleus. the two main ones are the lymphocytes and the macrophages. macrophages ‘eat’ and digest micro-organisms . some lymphocytes fight disease by making antibodies to destroy invaders by dissolving them. other lymphocytes make antitoxins to break down poisons. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Sweat! Plasma It also contains useful things like; carbon dioxide Circulatory System TOC#_______ Plasma It also contains useful things like; Sweat! carbon dioxide glucose amino acids proteins minerals vitamins hormones waste materials like urea. A straw-coloured liquid that carries the cells and the platelets which help blood clot. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

SUMMARY copy and complete the following; Circulatory System TOC#_______ SUMMARY copy and complete the following; Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The _________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot. away muscular towards capillaries plasma oxygen platelets Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

Blood Clotting Problems Hemophelia Genetic disorder that disrupts clotting People must be very careful to avoid injury Can be treated by injecting extracts that contain the missing clotting factor.

Disorders of Circulatory System Heart Attack Due to atherosclerosis, coronary arteries may become blocked (blood can’t get to heart muscle) Heart muscle begins to die due to lack of O2

What is the benefit of a 4 chambered heart? Circulatory System TOC#_______ What is the benefit of a 4 chambered heart? Biology - Unit4: Body Systems

This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com Circulatory System TOC#_______ This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching. Biology - Unit4: Body Systems