World Geography Population llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Earth’s Population Is around 7 BILLION and growing http://www.poodwaddle.com/clocks2.htm Population growth 1. The development of better agriculture brought the first important increases in population growth. 2. The Industrial Revolution brought a higher standard of living (SOL) than ever before and further increased population growth, especially in Europe. 4. Population growth rates generally decrease when the level of industrialization increases. 5. According to demographer’s research there are five distinct stages of population growth. 6. Demographers use graphs called population pyramids to forecast population growth. llhammon Fall 2010

Stages of Population Growth World Geography Population Stages of Population Growth STAGE ONE High BR/DR No countries in this stage. War/famine, etc., if extreme, can bring a country back to this stage llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population STAGE TWO High BR and falling DR Found in the less developed countries in L. America, Africa South of the Sahara, Asia. Problems: short food supplies, and high unemployment. http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=KE&out=d&ymax=250&submit=Submit+Query llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population STAGE THREE Falling BR/low DR – slow population growth People’s Republic of China http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=CH&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population STAGE FOUR Low BR/DR - little or no growth Have zero population growth (ZPG) Developed countries in Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia US is moving into this stage. http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=CA&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population STAGE FIVE Lower BR/low DR BR lower than DR Negative growth Countries – Germany, Sweden, Norway, Italy. http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=IT&out=d&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Draw the shapes of the pyramids and write under the different pyramids if it is Stage 2, 3, 4, or 5. Stage 5 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Population Patterns World Geography Population Because of factors such as climate and landscapes the population distribution of Earth is very uneven. 1. Population Distribution a) An area’s physical environment, especially climate, limits the number of people who can live there. There are 4 centers of heavy population in the world. b) These areas contain more than 70% of Earth’s population. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Eastern Asia – has the greatest concentration of people on Earth – it is centered in China – 21% of Earth’s population. 2) Southern Asia – is the second largest concentration of people – it is centered in India – 16% of the Earth’s pop. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population 3) Western Europe – is the third largest concentration. Western Europe – people are concentrated near natural resources needed for industry. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population East Central North America - fourth largest center concentrated in the NE US and SE Canada. In the US, the chain of cities start from the city of Boston to south of Washington DC. -This is called a megalopolis. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population World Population Numbers Africa – 12% of the Earth’s population. Largest cluster of people found in the Nile River Valley. Cairo is the largest city in Africa. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population South America – is lightly populated compared with other continents. Patterns of people live along the edges of the continent – SE Buenos Aires in Argentina, Montevideo in Uruguay, and Rio de Janeiro and Recife in Brazil. *12 of the top 20 cities of the world are found in Latin America.* llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Australia has the fewest number of people. They are concentrated along the eastern and southern coasts. (17.5 million people total on the entire continent. – as much as the NYC metro area) llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Population Density Population density tells you how concentrated the numbers of people are in an area. It makes it possible to compare areas of different size and population all over the world. llhammon Fall 2010

World Population by Continent World Geography Population World Population by Continent llhammon Fall 2010 20

World Geography Population Population Issues The population explosion has raised such issues as •how to increase food supplies, •how to make better use of farmland, •how to improve eating habits and to take advantage of resources, •and how to find new sources of food. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population Food Supply a) More than 13 million to 18 million people die each year because they do not have a good diet. (35,000 a day; 24 a minute – most are children) b) The rate of population growth was more than the amount of food produced. c) Scientists feel that countries that do not have enough food must speed up their own production. llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population More land is needed for agriculture Efficient eating habits is needed Productive farming methods More productive farming techniques Using new food sources New sources of food 1. Today 90% of the world’s food comes from 15 crops and 7 livestock animals. 2. There are more than 10 million kinds of plants and animals on Earth. llhammon Fall 2010

Natural Resource Supplies World Geography Population Natural Resource Supplies Certain resources are in limited supply. Fresh water is one basic resource that is being threatened. Major problem after the year 2000 and will continue to be one. Irrigate lands (why use fresh water?) Has become polluted and no longer a renewable resource. llhammon Fall 2010

Energy is one of the resources in limited supply.

World Geography Population Population Control There are at least three more people in the world now than there were when you began reading this sentence… llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population People believe that the solution to food shortages and dwindling natural resources is to reduce population growth. (Let’s look at a theory developed during the Industrial Revolution about population control.) llhammon Fall 2010

World Geography Population What about Malthus? Thomas Robert Malthus (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834) was an English political economist and demographer who expressed views on population growth and noted the potential for populations to increase rapidly, and often faster than the food supply available to them. llhammon Fall 2010 28

World Geography Population Malthus's theory of population proposed that there were natural limiting factors, such as food resources, which limited a given population. Malthus noted that populations as a whole tend to grow exponentially or geometrically, whereas natural resources grow arithmetically if they grow at all. When a population reaches beyond the amount of resources available to its survival, it has reached its carrying capacity. When a population reaches its carrying capacity a number of limiting factors, such as disease or famine, can occur to bring the population down, and back to naturally acceptable limits. llhammon Fall 2010 29

World Geography Population What did Malthus not take into consideration or know would happen in the world about his theory on Population Growth? He did not know modern medicines would keep people from dying. So much for diseases. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/worldbalance/earth.html llhammon Fall 2010 30

World Geography Population B. Less Developed countries (LDC) have resisted population control. People honor traditional values and strong religious beliefs that do not allow them to practice birth control. C. China enforced its one-child policy in the late 1970s to avoid a famine in the future. They will have this policy in effect for 100 years. Has this been successful for them? How were they able to enforce such a law? llhammon Fall 2010

Life is different in many LDCs

World Geography Population Migration People move because of either economic or political reasons (“Push-Pull” forces) – they are push from a bad situation and pulled to a good situation. People also move from the countryside (rural) to urban areas – and from less developed to developed countries. This places a huge demand on the country’s or city’s economy and infrastructure. Let’s Review: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0&feature=player_embedded llhammon Fall 2010