9.10.12 On your desk: Ch 5 section 1 and 2 notes, pen/pencil Warm-up: write this sentence.. Three factors (physical or political) that can make a country economically powerful are: 1_____2_____3_____

Next class: MAP TEST North and South America. OER paragraph comparing N. America and Latin America. What’s an OER? Open-ended response. A one paragraph answer to a question.

Today’s agenda Notes quiz After Quiz: set up notes for Ch 9 section 1 and 2 or work on maps MAP TEST NEXT CLASS HW: Ch 9 section 1 and 2 notes, Study maps www.lizardpoint.com www.ilike2learn.com

Physical Geography Ch 9 sections 1 and 2 Latin America Physical Geography Ch 9 sections 1 and 2

Overview Reaches from the border between the US and Mexico to Tierra del Fuego at the tip of South America – about 7,000 miles! Includes part of North America, all of Central and South America, and the Caribbean Borders the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea.

What physical features stand out? How do you think these physical features affect settlements patterns? How do you think these physical features affect economic activity?

Mountains and Highlands Andes Mountains: Part of the mountain chain that runs through South, Central and North America Rockies in US Sierra Madre in Mexico Andes in South America Many active volcanoes in the region Serve as a barrier to movement into the interior Settlement is concentrated on the eastern and Northern coasts Home to the Inca civilization in Peru

Ojos de Salado, Argentina

Mountains and Highlands, continued Highlands: mountainous or hilly sections of a country. Guiana Highlands Brazilian Highlands

Atacama Desert Known as the driest place on earth- parts of the desert haven’t ever had recorded rainfall. Some locations in the Atacama do receive a marine fog. Parts of the desert reach very high altitudes because it backs up into the Andes Mtns. Although a desert, average temperatures in the Atacama range between 32-77 degrees Fahrenheit.

Marine fog in Atacama Desert

Plains Llanos of Colombia and Venezuela Plains of Amazon River Basin Grassy, treeless areas used for livestock grazing and farming. Plains of Amazon River Basin Cerrado Savannas with flat terrain and moderate rainfall that make them suitable for farming Pampas of Argentina and Uruguay Areas of grassland and rich soil; main products are cattle and wheat grain Culture of the region centers around the gaucho

Colombian Llanos

Plains of the Amazon River Basin

The Amazon Flows about 4,000 miles from west to east – originates in the Andes and empties into the Atlantic Ocean Fed by over 1,000 tributaries Carries more water to an ocean than any other river in the world

Other rivers Orinoco: Parana River Iguazu River Winds through the northern part of the continent, mainly in Venezuela Flows more than 1,500 miles Flows through interior lands home to the few remaining Native American peoples, like the Yanomamo Parana River Travels 3,000 miles through Paraguay and Argentina Iguazu River Contain Iguazu Falls – 2nd largest falls in the world, after falls at Lake Victoria in Africa

Orinoco River

Parana River

Devil’s Throat – 2,300 ft. cliff marking the border between Argentina and Brazil Iguazu Falls

Angel Falls

Mexico Most consists of rough plateaus and mountains Only 1/3 is flat Rivers are relatively short and carry little water Great climate variety

Central America

Major Islands of the Caribbean 3 major groups: Bahamas Greater Antilles – Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), and Puerto Rico Lesser Antilles - These 3 groups were collectively known as the West Indies

Puerto Rico

Dominican Republic