FOOD CHAINS TROPHIC LEVELS ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS

Keep in mind that the arrow tip always points towards the “eater”. FOOD CHAINS Food Chain: is a sequence of feeding relationships describing ______ ___________________. which organism eats another The ____ is the ______________ for food chains. Sun source of energy eagle Keep in mind that the arrow tip always points towards the “eater”. snake eater frog grass- hopper grass food

FOOD CHAINS Label and write descriptions on your food chain diagram. There are different levels of consumers….. eagle Since they _______ make their own food, cannot they must eat or “________” other organisms. snake consume frog They form the _____ of all ________ food chains. basis grass- hopper terrestrial They use the energy in _______ to make their own food sunlight grass through a process called _____________. photosynthesis

FOOD CHAINS Top carnivore: any organism that is __________ by any other. not hunted It’s at the ___ of its food chain. top There are different levels of consumers….. eagle quaternary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. 4th tertiary consumers snake tertiary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats __________________. 3rd secondary consumers frog secondary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. 2nd primary consumers grass- hopper primary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats _________. 1st producers grass

Let’s THINK

FOOD CHAINS All organisms eventually die and decompose. eagle is the ___________ and _____________ of dead organisms. Detritus: waste matter rotting remains snake Decomposers: are organisms that ___ _______ and break it down into ________. frog detritus eat detritus grass- hopper nutrients decomposers grass are substances needed for an organism’s ______ and _____. Nutrients: The cycle restarts. nutrients growth repair

Let’s THINK

HUMANS AND FOOD CHAINS Since humans are not hunted for food by any other animal, and since humans eat almost anything, (well maybe not this) this makes us ____________. top carnivores ? Where are humans on any food chain? Count how many of these animals you’ve eaten in your life.

What food chains did you participate in when you ate this? HUMANS AND FOOD CHAINS Have you ever eaten one of these? What food chains did you participate in when you ate this? What is it made of? wheat beef tomato cheese onion lettuce

HUMANS AND FOOD CHAINS human human human human human Humans are mainly _______ consumers because we eat a lot of _____. primary cow When we eat animals, they are usually _________ , plants so this makes us also _________ consumers. herbivores secondary wheat lettuce onion tomato grass

FOOD WEBS No ecosystem is only made up of only one food chain. Members of one food chain usually also belong to another. When you put all the _____________ food chains in an ecosystem together, you form a ________. interconnecting food web

TROPHIC LEVELS Trophic Level: It is the _______ an organism occupies in a food chain. position Each ___ in the chain represents one trophic level. link grass grass- hopper frog snake eagle phytoplankton zooplankton small fish larger fish shark On land, the first trophic level begins with ______. plants In the water, the first trophic level begins with _____________. phytoplankton

TROPHIC LEVELS Trophic Level: It is the _______ an organism occupies in a food chain. position Each ___ in the chain represents one trophic level. link grass grass- hopper frog snake eagle phytoplankton zooplankton small fish larger fish shark 5th trophic level 4th trophic level 3rd trophic level 2nd trophic level 1st trophic level

TROPHIC LEVELS As organisms eat one another, ______ is transferred up the food chain. energy eagle 0.1 kcal However, as energy is moved from one trophic level to the next, only ___ % of the energy makes it to the next level. - 0.9 kcal 10 snake 1 kcal - 9 kcal This 10 % is used to build _______ biomass frog 10 kcal as well as to fuel ______________. bodily functions - 90 kcal This means that ___% of the energy is lost, 90 grass- hopper 100 kcal mostly in the form of _______ detritus heat - 900 kcal and as ____ from metabolic processes. grass 1000 kcal

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population Total energy, from the Producers, present in tertiary consumers. 1) Pyramid of Energy: This pyramid indicates the amount of ______ that is present in each trophic level. energy Total energy, from the producers, in secondary consumers. The amount of energy always _________ as you move up trophic levels. Total energy, from the producers, present in primary consumers. decreases Total energy present in producers.

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 1) Pyramid of Energy: This pyramid indicates the amount of ______ that is present in each trophic level. energy The amount of energy always _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 2) Pyramid of Biomass: Total biomass present in tertiary consumers. This pyramid indicates the amount of _______ that is present in each trophic level, in a given area. biomass Total biomass present in secondary consumers. Biomass is the amount of _________ (without water) within organisms. dry matter Total biomass present in primary consumers. On land, the amount of biomass _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases Total biomass present in producers.

The End!