GCSE (1-9) Physics: Radioactivity Alpha, Beta and Gamma

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Presentation transcript:

GCSE (1-9) Physics: Radioactivity Alpha, Beta and Gamma

FLASHBACK FLASHBACK: Describe what is meant by infrasound and ultrasound and give an example of a use for each. (6 marks)

Objectives:

What does RADIOACTIVE mean? A radioactive atom is one that has an unstable nucleus. To become stable, energy is released from the nucleus. This is called nuclear or ionising radiation. Radioactive substances give out radiation all the time, no matter what is done to them. There is no pattern to when this happens, it is random.

What happens if an atom loses electrons? Overall Charge: Positive (ion) Neutral Remember, as an electron is negatively charged, by losing some of this negativity, the atom has become overall more positive

What could cause an atom to be ionised (i.e. lose or gain an electron)?

What can cause an atom to lose electrons? Explore What can cause an atom to lose electrons?

(Electromagnetic wave) Radioactive substances give out radiation all the time, no matter what is done to them. There is no pattern to when this happens, it is random. There are three different types of radiation: Beta Nucleus (An electron) Gamma Alpha (Electromagnetic wave) (2 protons, 2 neutrons)

ALPHA PARTICLE! Positive (ion) Neutral Overall Charge: Unstable Element ALPHA PARTICLE!

Positive (ion) Neutral Overall Charge: Unstable Element BETA PARTICLE!

Positive (ion) Neutral Overall Charge: Unstable Element GAMMA WAVE

Tasks NB: ‘penetrant’ means the ability to pass through materials! Create a hypothesis (prediction) for the experimental question “which type of ionising radiation is most penetrant” Watch the demonstration Draw a diagram of the experiment and write your observations. Demo- comparison of alpha, beta, gamma in terms of radiation activity count using paper/aluminium/gamma Use your observations to make a conclusion that supports or rejects your hypothesis

Penetrance of Radiation Half thickness Experiment

What damage might each one do? Concept Debate Compare the risk of exposure to each of the three ionising radiation types. What damage might each one do?

6 Mark Question -400BC Radioactive waste will have some residual activity that releases alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Compare and contrast these types of radiation in terms of their penetrance and ionising ability (6 marks) antiquarks

6 Mark Question Radioactive waste will have some residual activity that releases alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Compare and contrast these types of radiation in terms of their penetrance and ionising ability (6 marks) -400BC Alpha is the least penetrant Alpha is stopped by paper Alpha is the most ionising Beta can be stopped by aluminium (or gets through paper) Gamma is the most penetrant Gamma is the least ionsing Gamma can only be stopped by thick lead antiquarks

Possible questions on cards Flash card time – You will need to work out the answers. Check if unsure Possible questions on cards What is alpha radiation? What is beta radiation? What is gamma radiation? Why do atoms become radioactive? Describe the penetrating ability of the 3 types of radiation. Describe the ionising ability of the 3 types of radiation?

Objectives: