The Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System Brain and the Spinal Cord Cerebrum Cerebellum Brain Stem or Mid Brain Controls memory, reasoning, voluntary action, balance and coordination. Involuntary actions of organs and reflexes.
Peripheral nervous system All parts of the nervous system that falls outside of the spinal cord and brain. Sensory Division and Motor Division Automatic-regulates breathing Somatic-signals skeletal muscles
Cerebrum The largest part of the brain! Intelegence Reasoning Controls voluntary action Memory
Gray and White Matter The Brain is made up of two types of matter or matter of composition. Gray Matter is the thin outer layer that controls most voluntary movements of the body. White Matter is the layer of tissue below the gray that controls movement between areas of the brain. Ex front to back
Cerebral lobes Frontal Lobe: forehead area of cerebrum Motor control of muscles Organize thoughts Memory Behavior
Parietal Lobe Sensory area Records and interperts information Channels information Special awareness Reading and speech Writing and language
Temporal Lobe Understanding sound Memory of what is heard Music and some speech Judgment
Occipital Lobe Vision center Memory of what is seen Image size Color Reading
Cerebellum Part of the brain found in the rear of skull Below the cerebrum Control balance and coordination of muscle movement. Posture
Brain Stem Connects the spinal cord and the brain Center of brain Connects the pons and the cerebellum Involuntary action
Parts of the Mid Brain Pons: breathing center Medulla: cardiovascular center Pituitary gland: master of all the endocrine glands, linked to the nervous system by the hypothalamus Hypothalamus: reflex center, controls temperature and water balance and controls the pituitary gland Thalamus: registers sensations of heat and pain.
motor Neurons interneuron Sensory Carries information from a receptor in the senses to the spinal cord Carries information from the spinal cord to a motor unit in a muscle or gland Carries information from one area of the brain to another.
Parts of a neuron Dendrites- Hair like endings that receive the impulse from another neuron Cell body- directs the impulse and controls the cells functions. Axon-tail like section that transports the impulse ( electrical message ) Myelin sheath-covering of the axon that controls the speed of the impulse.
synapse The gap or space between one neuron and another.
Receptor Specialized cells that will receive information from the environment and the senses.
Reaction Sensory receptors receive information from the stimuli. The impulse is sent from the receptor to the sensory neuron. The impulse is directed to the spinal cord and sent up to the brain. Interneurons will communicate with the brain and create a response. The spinal cord will transmit the impulse to the motor neurons will transmit the impulse to cause the response.
Action of the system
The end