Ch 14 PATTERN Sound and Sense

It all comes together in a form or pattern WORDS METONYMY SOUND DEVICES IMAGERY RHYME PARADOX SIMILES TONE EXPERIENCE METER ALLUSIONS SYMBOLS METAPHORS IRONY It all comes together in a form or pattern

THREE BASIC PATTERNS CONTINUOUS STANZAIC FIXED Lines follow each other with no formal grouping STANZAIC Repeated units: lines, length, rhyme scheme FIXED Traditional pattern applies to whole poem THREE BASIC PATTERNS

My long two-pointed ladder’s sticking through a tree Toward heaven still, And there’s a barrel that I didn’t fill Beside it, and there may be two or three Apples I didn’t pick upon some bough. But I am done with apple-picking now. Essence of winter sleep is on the night, The scent of apples: I am drowsing off. Lines follow each other without formal grouping. continuous form

stanzaic form I have been one acquainted with the night. I have walked out in the rain—and back in rain. I have outwalked the furthest city light. I have looked down the saddest city lane. I have passed by the watchman on his beat. And dropped my eyes, unwilling to explain. stanzaic form

fixed form Rondeaus Rondels Villanelles Sestinas Limericks Sonnets A traditional pattern that applies to the whole poem. fixed form

sonnet 14 lines Iambic pentameter Square in shape Italian English Characteristics of all sonnets Two kinds of sonnets sonnet

What a sonnet does First 8 lines present a problem, last 6 a solution First 8 lines ask a question, last 6 offer an answer Usually a shift or VOLTA at line 9 Subject matter is traditionally serious: love, meaning of life, death, religion, politics, What a sonnet does

English sonnet aka Shakespearean sonnet If poisonous minerals, and if that tree, Whose fruit threw death on (else immortal) us, If lecherous goats, if serpents envious Cannot be damn'd, alas! why should I be? Why should intent or reason, born in me, Make sins, else equal, in me more heinous? And, mercy being easy, and glorious To God, in His stern wrath why threatens He? But who am I, that dare dispute with Thee? O God, O ! of Thine only worthy blood, And my tears, make a heavenly Lethean flood, And drown in it my sin's black memory. That Thou remember them, some claim as debt; I think it mercy if Thou wilt forget. English sonnet aka Shakespearean sonnet