FVCC Fire Rescue Fire Control

OBJECTIVES 2-15.1 Identify the considerations for fire stream selection (3-3.7, 3-3.9) 2-15.2 Identify the considerations and technique for a direct attack. (3-3.7, 3-3.9) 2-15.3 Identify the considerations and technique for an indirect attack. (3-3.7, 3-3.9)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.4 Identify the considerations and technique for a combination attack. (3-3.7, 3-3.9) 2-15.5 Identify the fire conditions that require a master stream: (3-3.7, 3-3.9)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.6 Identify key fire control factors for extinguishing or controlling a Class B fire: (4-3.3) 2-15.6.2 Pressure vessels 2-15.6.3 Tank trucks 2-15.6.4 Utility/pipe lines

OBJECTIVES 2-15.7 Identify the advantages and disadvantages of water when used as an extinguishing agent on Class B fires (4-3.3) 2-15.8 Identify the factors to consider when extinguishing a Class C fire. (3-3.17)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.9 Identify the dangers in extinguishing a Class D fire. (3-3.17) 2-15.10 Identify the tactical components (assignments) for structural firefighting: (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18) 2-15.10.1 First due engine company 2-15.10.2 Second due engine company 2-15.10.3 Truck/rescue company 2-15.11 Identify the function of a rapid intervention crew. (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.12 Identify the role of the Incident Commander. (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18). 2-15.13 Identify the considerations for extinguishing fires in the following: (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18) 2-15.13.1 Upper level fires 2-15.13.2 Below grade fires 2-15.13.3 Vehicle fires 2-15.13.4 Trash containers

OBJECTIVES 2-15.14 Identify the basic steps to follow for emergencies in confined enclosures. (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18) 2-15.15 Identify the term “wild fire”. (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18) 2-15.16 Identify the factors affecting wildland fires: (3-3.6, 3-3.9, 3-3.18)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.16.1 Fuel 2-15.16.2 Weather 2-15.16.3 Topography 2-15.17 Identify the procedures for attacking wildland fires. (3-3.17)

OBJECTIVES 2-15.18 Demonstrate shutting off the following utility services to a building: (3-3.17(b)) 2-15.18.2 Natural gas 2-15.18.3 LP gas 2-15.18.4 Fuel oil 2-15.18.5 Domestic water Ifsta, Essentials, 4th ed, Chapter 14 Delmar, Firefighter’s Handbook, 2000, Chapter 19

FIRE STREAM SELECTION Need sufficient amount of water to cool the fuels that are burning. Fire load and materials involved Volume of water needed for extinguishment Reach needed Number of persons available to handle hoseline Tactical requirements Speed of deployment Potential fire spread

DIRECT ATTACK Most efficient use is at base of fire with solid or straight stream. Water applied in short bursts until fire “darkens down” Water not applied too long to prevent upsetting of thermal layering.

Water applied in short bursts until fire “darkens down”. Using a straight stream to attack the seat of the fire reduces the chance of upsetting the thermal layering in the room.

? Adequate ventilation must be provided ahead of fog streams that are used for interior attacks

INDIRECT ATTACK Considerations when not to use Victims Where spread of fire cannot be contained to uninvolved areas.

INDIRECT ATTACK Fire stream From outside window or door Could be solid, straight or narrow fog pattern Should be aimed at an upward angle to deflect off the ceiling or other overhead object Placement should provide maximum coverage on the face of the building, taking into account if more than one is in use

COMBINATION ATTACK Utilizes a stream generating technique of ceiling level attack with a direct attack on burning materials near floor level. Nozzle may be moved in a “T”, “Z” or “O” pattern. Using a solid, straight or fog stream Rotating with the stream reaching ceiling, wall, floor and wall

MASTER STREAM Master streams are deployed: When fire is beyond control of handlines Need for fire streams in location where firefighters are no longer safe

MASTER STREAM Positioned to provide an effective stream Has to be shut down to move Should be directed at the base of the fire Angle should be aimed at an upward angel to deflect off the ceiling or other overhead objects. Should be placed to provide maximum coverage on the face of the building taking in account if more than one is in use.

MASTER STREAM

Homework Select facts about suppressing Class A (structural) fires. Write the correct numbers on the blanks. 1. When suppressing Class A fires, what is one of the advantages of coordinating the attack with ventilation? Visibility will improve b. Flames will decrease. c. Smaller hoselines may be used. d. Interior will be free of toxic fumes. 2. Which of the following pieces of equipment would not normally be carried by advancing hoseline teams? a. Prying tool b. Single ladder c. Axe d. Portable light 3. Which of the following is not a step in the nozzle firefighter’s pre-entry routine? a. Bleed air from the hoseline and check the operation of the nozzle. b. Extinguish any burning material around or near the entry. c. Wet down any exposures around or near the entry. d. Set the proper pattern for attack. 4. What should the attack team wait for before entering a burning structure? a. Word from exposure crew that exposures have been protected b. Word from rescue team that all victims have been rescued c. All clear signal to enter the structure from telecommunicator d. Order to advance from fire officer

Homework 5. From which side should firefighters approach and attack a fire to prevent fire spread? a. Leeward b. Unburned c. Windward d. Burning 6. Which of the following stream patterns is most often used to attack a Class A fire when adequate ventilation is provided ahead of the nozzles? a. Straight stream b. Narrow fog c. Broken stream d. Wide fog 7. Firefighter A says that to prevent steam from rolling back over the nozzle, adequate ventilation must be provided ahead of fog streams used for interior attacks. Firefighter B says that large ventilation holes provided ahead of fog streams used for interior attacks upset the normal thermal layering in the area. Who is right? a. Firefighter A b. Firefighter B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 8. What type of stream/tactic should be used to attack an interior fire when adequate ventilation has not been provided? a. Broken stream from above fire b. Straight stream at base of fire c. Narrow fog stream on ceiling above fire d. Wide fog stream at center of fire

Homework 9. Firefighter A says that if the fire is localized, the stream should be broken for Class A fires by sweeping it up and down to put water on the fire and in the upper levels of the room. Firefighter B says that if the area is well involved in fire and well ventilated, rotating the nozzle is the recommended method of directing the stream to control/extinguish a Class A fire. Who is right? a. Firefighter A b. Firefighter B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 10. When attacking a Class A structural fire, why should water be applied in short bursts and not for too long? a. To avoid upsetting thermal layering b. To produce sufficient steam for extinguishment c. To prevent toxic gases from rising d. To avoid exhausting the firefighters 11. What type of attack is not desirable when victims may be trapped or where the spread of fire to uninvolved areas cannot be contained? a. Direct b. Indirect c. Blanket d. Combination 12. Which of the following is generally not a factor in choosing a hoseline? a. Tactical requirements c. Speed of deployment b. Dimensions of entry point d. Potential fire spread

Homework 13. Which hoseline size provides the best mobility and control of direction? a. 2½-inch b. 1¾-inch c. 1½-inch d. 2-inches 14. Firefighter A says that when a door to the fire area must be opened, firefighters should stay low. Firefighter B says that when a door to the fire area must be opened, firefighters should be positioned to one side of the entrance. Who is right? a. Firefighter A b. Firefighter B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 15. What is the maximum length of hose recommended for supplying a master stream device? a. 150 feet c. 75 feet b. 100 feet d. 50 feet

Homework Distinguish among direct, indirect, and combination attacks on Class A fires. Write a “a” before direct attack, an “b” before indirect attack, and a “C” before combination attack. a = Direct attack B = Indirect attack C = Combination attack ____ 16. T, Z, or O pattern with solid, straight, or penetrating fog stream directed at ceiling level and then dropped down to floor level ____ 17. Attack on base of fire with solid or straight stream applied in short bursts ____ 18. Attack with solid, straight, or narrow fog pattern directed at ceiling and played back and forth to produce large quantities of steam

Homework Select facts about deploying and operating a master stream device. Write the correct letters on the blanks. 19. Which is not a main use for a master stream? a. Direct exterior fire attack b. Backing up attacking handlines c. Direct interior attack d. Protecting exposures 20. Why should master streams be positioned properly when set up? a. Once in operation, they must be shut down to be moved. b. Their supply lines may not exceed a specified length. c. Once the attack has begun, the requisite number of personnel cannot be spared to relocate them. d. The hydrant must be shut off before the master stream device can be moved. 21. Which of the following is not correct positioning for a master stream directed into a building? a. Close enough to a window or door so that it can hit the base of the fire b. In a location that provides maximum coverage of the building face c. Aimed to enter the structure at an upward angle so that the stream deflects off the ceiling or other overhead objects d. Aimed to enter the structure at a downward angle so that it can hit the base of the fire

Homework 22. What should be the minimum flow of a master stream? a. 175 gpm b. 250 gpm c. 350 gpm d. 2,000 gpm 23. What is the minimum number of 2½-inch hoselines necessary to supply a master stream? a. One b. two c. Three d. Use only 4-inch supply lines 24. What is the minimum number of firefighters needed to deploy a master stream device? a. Two b. three c. Four d. Five 25. How many firefighters normally should be stationed at a master stream device when water is flowing? a. None b. One 3. Two 4. Three 26. When can a master stream device be left unmanned? a. When used on LPG storage tanks or near a fire-weakened structure b. When changing the direction of the stream c. When water pressure causes the device to crawl (move) d. When all fire fighting personnel are needed in another area