Part 2 of Civil War ppt. slides 15-28 Major Battles

The Progress of War: 1861-1865

Major Battles 1st Manassas/ 1st Bull Run: thinking an invasion of Richmond would bring a quick end to the war, the Union marches into VA Jackson received his famous nickname “Stonewall” from this battle because he stood his ground like a stone wall

Battle of Antietam Creek/Sharpsburg, MD One of few battles on Union soil Bloodiest single day of fighting in all of US history Three phases of fighting: corn field, sunken road and Antietam Creek bridge McClellan fails to destroy Lee's army Tactically inconclusive but Lincoln sees it as a positive event because Lee retreats back to VA so he issues his Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipation Proclamation, September 22, 1862 This document ultimately discouraged the British and French governments from helping the Confederacy Lincoln uses his power as “Commander-in-Chief” to free the slaves in the Confederate States; he issued the executive order that the slaves of any state that did not return to the Union would be free Slavery, not preserving the Union, is now a primary reason for fighting the war

The Monitor vs. the Merrimac The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862 The Monitor vs. the Merrimac

Gettysburg Second battle on Union soil Battle lasted three days, July 1-3, 1863 During the first day of fighting the Confederates were very successful, on the second the Union held their ground and on the third “Pickett’s Charge” was repulsed leaving Lee no other option but to retreat back to Virginia Major turning point in the war due to heavy casualties, the Confederacy never regained enough replacements while the Union had many more men to draft

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg Casualties

Gettysburg, Pa. Confederate dead gathered for burial at the edge of the Rose woods, July 5, 1863

Chickamauga, GA September 19–20, 1863 One of the most significant Union defeats Gen. Braxton Bragg should have followed the Union retreat to Chattanooga Federal camp by the Tennessee River,

Kennesaw Mt. and the Atlanta Campaign Battle of Kennesaw Mt. was the last Confederate victory before Atlanta falls fought on June 27, 1864 Johnston blocked Sherman’s path to Atlanta with fortifications on Kennesaw Mt. The Union army eventually went around the Mt. and headed toward Atlanta, an important railroad and supply center for the Confederacy September 2,1864, Atlanta falls to Union forces and this politically helps Lincoln get re-elected

Sherman’s March to the Sea After Sherman captured Atlanta he sent his troops through GA to Savannah, Nov.-Dec. 1864 He operated without supply lines and took what he needed along the way, resulting in complete destruction of industry, infrastructure and civilian property (Total War)

Sherman’s March through Georgia` to the Sea, 1864

Andersonville, A Prisoner of War Camp Andersonville was a Confederate POW camp that was overcrowded with too many prisoners and extremely undersupplied which caused many to die.