History of Mental Disorders, Institutions, & Diagnosis

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Psychological Disorders: An Introduction

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Presentation transcript:

History of Mental Disorders, Institutions, & Diagnosis

Middle Ages to 19th C. Originally called “lunatics”, it was believed to be related to a full moon. Possession Removal and Institutionalization Ice baths, vomiting and bleeding

Moral Management- 1800s belief that environment is important part of treatment Dorothea Dix- pioneer to aid the mentally ill

The Early 20th Century Lobotomy introduced Quick and very popular “The” treatment until the 1950s “Euthanasia of the mind”

Dr. Freeman’s “Ice Pick” Lobotomy Howard Dully’s Lobotomy

Present Day Deinstitutionalization- move patients from in patient institutions to community-based facilities with emphasis on out patient care Drug therapies Increase in homelessness (20-25% of homeless pop.) Denial of services

Deinstituationalization

Mental Disorder v. Insanity Mental Disorder- Interfere with a person’s well-being and ability to function for more than 6 months (medical) Insanity- Not knowing the difference between right and wrong (legal)

Methods to Diagnose Mental Disorders Clinical Interviews Neurological Tests Personality Tests Projective Tests (Rorschach Inkblot Test)

DSM- Manual to Diagnose Disorders DSM-I was introduced in 1952 and only had 106 disorders DSM-IV has 297 disorders DSM-V introduced in 2014 In the early 70’s homosexuality removed from the DSM Pros & Cons of Diagnostic Labeling- Rosenhan’s Study “On Being Sane in Insane Places”

Major Clinical Syndromes Neurodevelopmental Disorders (intellectual disability, autism, ADHD, learning disorder) Somatoform disorders Substance abuse disorders Anxiety disorders (panic disorder, phobias, GAD) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (hoarding, body dysmorphic) Trauma-Stress Related Disorders (PTSD) Schizophrenia Depressive disorders Dissociative disorders Sexual disorders Feeding and Eating disorders

Percentage of Mental Disorders Substance Abuse 27% (mostly men) Anxiety 25% Depressive 20% (mostly women) Schizophrenia .7%