Aryan Social Organization Aryan Society and Religion merged with local religion, creating a complex (and confusing) system of beliefs People began to question the Aryan religion, as well as Aryan social structure This turmoil created new religious ideas, based on the Vedas

The Emergence of Hinduism Develops slowly over a long period of time, referencing Vedic Hymns No single founder or founding date Goal: Liberate the soul of worldly pains Hinduism is monotheistic, but has multiple “avatars” of Truth (God)

The Emergence of Hinduism Vedic hymns were recited, and eventually written down to create the Upanishads The Upanishads took the form or a written dialogue between a student and a master, in which the two explore how an individual liberate themselves from desire and suffering

Hinduism This goal of achieving liberation from desire and suffering is known as Moksha Moksha can be achieved through perfect understanding of the relationship between atman and Braman Atman: An individual’s indestructible soul Brahman: The world soul, which united all atman

Hinduism Upon achieving Moksha, the soul is released from life in this world This does not usually happen in one lifetime Who can reach Moksha in the Caste System?

Samsara What dictates your rebirth? People die, and they are reborn This cycle is called Samsara What dictates your rebirth?

Karma and Dharma Every level of the caste system has a moral duty This moral duty is called Dharma If you fulfill your Dharma, your soul will hold Karma Karma determines your place upon rebirth

Avatars of Hinduism The Hindu God (Truth) takes the form of many deities These deities can each come to Earth in multiple forms 3 Deities: Brahma Vishnu Shiva

Avatars of Hinduism Brahma: The Creator

Avatars of Hinduism Vishnu: The Protector

Avatars of Hinduism Shiva: The Destroyer “I am become death, destroyer of worlds”

Compare Jainism to Hinduism? What is Jainism? What do Jains believe? Compare Jainism to Hinduism? Similarities? Differences? Why are Jains one of the wealthiest groups in modern India?

Who was Siddhartha Gautama, what did his early life look like? Buddhism Who was Siddhartha Gautama, what did his early life look like? What did he see when he left his palace? What is enlightenment? Key Term Acetic: Someone who renounces the world and seeks release from fear of death and suffering How does Gautama become Buddha? What are the 4 Noble Truths?