People and the Process of Change Chapter 8 People and the Process of Change
Change A natural phenomenon Macro- and micro-change
The Process of Change The comfort zone Unfreezing Change Refreezing
The Change Process Unfreezing Change Refreezing Comfort Discomfort New comfort zone zone zone
Sources of Resistance to Change Technical concerns Psychosocial needs Position and power
Receptivity to Change Recognize differences in preferences for certainty Speak to people’s feelings Stories and Drama vs. Statistics
Resistance Recognizing resistance Lowering resistance Information dissemination Disconfirmation of currently held beliefs Psychological safety Command
Dictating Change Effective in many situations Communicate a sense of urgency Change may be rapid but without a lasting commitment
Active Resistance to Change Attacking the idea Refusal to change Arguing against change Organizing resistance of other people
Passive Resistance to Change Avoiding discussion Ignoring the change Refusing to commit to the change Agreeing but not acting
Strategies to Overcome Resistance Point out similarities Express approval Recognize competence and skill Provide assurance
Strategies Suggest new opportunities Express value of contributions Ensure involvement
Strategies (cont’d) Provide opportunities for expression Allow time for practice Provide a climate of acceptance
Four Phases of Planned Change Design the change Plan the implementation Implement the change Integrate the change
Design the Change What is the purpose? Is the change necessary? Is the change technically correct? Will this work? Is there a better way?
Planning the Change Why is there resistance? Is the resistance justified? What can be done to prevent or overcome resistance?
Implementing the Change What is the magnitude? What is the complexity? What is the pace? What is the current stress level?
Integrating the Change Is the change integrated into everyday operations? Are people comfortable with it? Is it well accepted?
Conclusion Your leadership will influence how change is handled Change presents an opportunity for professional growth and development View change in a positive way