Quick-write: What are the two most crucial natural resources in your daily life? What would your life be like with out these resources? In your interactive notebook, write 4 or 5 sentences that discuss how these two resources effect your life on a daily basis and how you may have to change your way of life if the availability of them were to change?

Is oil really that important? Crude oil- unprocessed or unrefined petroleum Strategic Commodity-a resource that is so valuable that nations will go to war to ensure a steady supply .

Absolutely!!!!!!!! Ball Point Pens Basketball/Footballs Clothes What are some items you use everyday that are oil (petroleum) based? Ball Point Pens Basketball/Footballs Clothes Crayons Deodorant Drinking cups Hand lotion Nail Polish Perfumes Shampoo Shaving Cream Contact Lens Telephones Toothpaste

Where does it come from? Where are the world’s largest oil reserves ? Country Billions of Barrels Saudi Arabia 264 Iraq 115 Kuwait 104 Iran 138 U.A. E. 98 Russia 74 Venezuela China 20 Libya 47 Mexico 12 Country Billions of Barrels Nigeria 38 U.S. 19 Algeria 13 Norway 7 Indonesia 4 Angola Brazil Oman 6 Canada 175 Qatar 25

Oil from the Sand SW Asia contains ½ of the world’s petroleum reserves

Forming Petroleum Millions of years ago water covered SW Asia Plants and animals died and their remains mixed with sand and mud Over time, pressure and heat transform the materials into hydrocarbons which are the chemical basis of oil and natural gas Oil is found inside the pores of rocks

Transporting Oil Crude oil is pumped from the ground and moved through pipelines to either refineries or ports

Risks of Transporting Oil There are always risks of oil spills Underground pipes are less likely to cause spills thanks to constant monitoring Higher risk of spills from tankers in the water due to crashes or explosions

Providing Precious Water The most critical resource in this region is water Countries are constructing dams and irrigation systems to meet the needs of large farms Turkey – damming Euphrates Israel – diverting water toward the center and south of the nation from the Golan Heights, Jordan River, and Lake Kinneret

Modern Water Technology Drip irrigation – uses small pipes that slowly drip water just above ground

Modern Water Technology Desalinization – removes salt from ocean water but is still too salty for irrigation

Modern Water Technology Treatment of waste water – does not generate enough water Pump water from underground aquifers called fossil water – estimated only 25 to 30 years of water is left