Patrick McBride, Rachel Smith, Angela Harrington New York City Patrick McBride, Rachel Smith, Angela Harrington

Biome Temperate Forest Biome Precipitation is plentiful High humidity Variety of deciduous trees

Climate Humid subtropical climate- influenced greatly by the Atlantic Ocean’s proximity Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: 70-year-long cycle of Atlantic warming and cooling that affects coastal storm and hurricane frequency and severity Winters:typically cold Springs: mild, unpredictable weather,and frequent thunderstorms Summers: hot, humid,thunderstorms and the occasional tornado Autumns: comfortable though often unpredictable

Topography Very diverse and complex landforms, though the city itself is quite flat Surface features largely created by glacial retreat Grand, irregular boulders in Manhattan’s Central Park Brooklyn and Queens’ deep kettle depressions Glacial moraine in the metropolitan area

Animal: Eastern Chipmunk Omnivores with a diverse range of food sources Found all over North America; can live in a large range of habitats They live in burrows underground, which can be very extensive

Plant: Chestnut Tree They attract a diverse range of wildlife. Chestnuts are very nutritious. A fine granular sugar can be obtained from the fermentation of the juice, also the roasted fruit provides a coffee substitute. Their extracts have antioxidant properties. The leaves and the skins (husk and pellicle) of the fruits can be made into shampoo.

Water and Food Natural springs Rain water Water purification using living organisms like algae Food Rooftop Gardens Vertical farming More locally grown food (ex. Farmer’s markets, community gardens)

Energy Gas and electricity obtained largely through conversion of waste, and placement of windmills (with quiet turbines) and solar panels on rooftops.

Waste management Waste Management Composting toilets convert excrement into a safe crop fertilizer (to be used within community gardens) Urine generators and biogas production Dirty cooking oil converted into fuel Trash management: heavy reliance on recycling Redesign manufacturing processes to produce less waste and pollution.

Transportation Switch to straddle buses Convert half of the car lanes to bike or pedestrian lanes Utilize rails Utilize more efficient energy sources for the Subway Encourage the use of electric cars and taxis Impose high taxes for gas powered cars

Housing and work Greener/Energy efficient Buildings Build up instead of out More recycled building materials Less single family homes More apartments and condominiums Work should be within walking or biking distance Railways connected to shops and other buildings

Areas for wildlife Maintain Central Park Community Gardens A municipal park every few blocks