The Constitution Article I : Congress.

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Presentation transcript:

The Constitution Article I : Congress

Composition of Congress Congress has two houses (bicameral legislature): The House of Representatives The Senate For a bill to become law, it must pass BOTH houses Main job of Congress  MAKE LAWS!

Article I Facts Bills to spend money, raise money, borrow money MUST ARISE IN THE HOUSE Congress can override a Presidential veto by 2/3 majority vote in each house

Article I Facts Article 1, Sec. 8 lists the powers of Congress: The power to declare war The power to coin money Set up post offices Regulate (control) interstate commerce Etc. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18: The “Elastic Clause”, or the “Necessary and Proper Clause”

Powers Forbidden to Congress Can’t make a bill of attainder Act that declares someone guilty & assesses punishment w/o providing opportunity for trial Can’t grant titles of nobility No Knights, Dukes, Duchesses, etc.

Powers Forbidden to Congress Can’t pass ex post facto law Can’t pass law TODAY to criminalize an action committed YESTERDAY Can’t suspend writ of habeas corpus Gov’t can’t hold you indefinitely w/o showing cause (except in instances of “rebellion or invasion”)

The House of Representatives 435 members # is fixed by law Number in each state depends on population of state Each state must have at least 1 rep Must be 25 years old; 7 years as a U.S. resident Elected for a 2 year term Leader is Speaker of the House Power to impeach given to House Impeach: to charge the president w/ high crimes or misdemeanors

188 Democrats 247 Republicans

The Senate Elected for 6 year term Elections staggered (~33 senators elected every 2 years) 2 Senators per state Therefore, 100 is not a fixed number # of states can change Must be 30 years old; live in U.S. for 9+ years Headed by the Vice President Only votes in case of ties (not technically a Senator) When absent, Senate run by President Pro Tempore

44 Democrats 54 Republicans

Senate Elections Example 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 A E I B F J C G K D H L Senators Up for Reelection

Special Senate Duties Approves or disproves treaties w/ other countries (2/3 needed) Approves or disproves presidential appointments Acts as jury in impeachment cases Can convict Filibuster

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