Blood & Its Components Ms. Lowrie Biology 11

Six Main Functions Transport materials from one place to another. Provide a watery environment for individual cells. Help maintain a constant internal temperature. Combat disease and infection. Help regulate the body’s pH level. Prevent the loss of body fluids through clotting.

Components of Blood Plasma Other 45% is all cells Fluid component Makes up 55% Other 45% is all cells Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets

Plasma Fluid component (90% water) Like a river carrying sediment Essential nutrients Enzymes Hormones Gases Organic salts Fluid component (90% water) Like a river carrying sediment Contains and transports: Proteins Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets

Red Blood Cells – RBC (Erythrocytes) Makes up 43% of blood Transports oxygen and a little carbon dioxide on its hemoglobin Hemoglobin A protein Consists of a red pigment Contains iron

Did you know? When oxygen is attached hemoglobin it appears RED. Each RBC contains 280 million hemoglobin molecules Once oxygen is released, the hemoglobin changes shape and reflects BLUE light. Can you see it under your skin?

Red Blood Cells – RBC Produced in the bone marrow Rate of 2.3 millions per second Contain a nucleus when produced, but it is lost in circulation Gives a donut shape Used RBC are destroyed by the liver and spleen

Red Blood Cell Facts 1 liter of blood can carry: 3 mL of oxygen without hemoglobin Can survive 4.5 seconds 200 mL of oxygen with hemoglobin Can survive 5 minutes Anemia is the lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin Causes: loss of blood or lack of dietary iron

Red Blood Cell Facts Quantity is influenced by the sex, health, age, and altitude At high altitudes there is less oxygen so more RBC are created Men = 5.5 million RBC per mL of blood Women = 4.5 million RBC per mL of blood

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes & Lymphocytes) Make up about 1% of blood Protect against illnesses and invaders Form the immune system Pus is created from dead white blood cells that have engulfed an invader Your own guard or doctor!

White Blood Cells Larger than RBC Contain a nucleus Fact: There are 700 RBC for every white blood cell

Platelets Make up about 1% of blood Necessary for coagulation (clotting) If broken blood vessel is found a set of chemical reactions is started Fibrin - a sticky network of protein fibers forms over the injury A dry and thick crust (scab) will form A natural band aid!

Platelet Facts Hemophilia is a genetic blood disorder where clots cannot be formed Can die of blood loss Thrombosis is a clot that forms and closes off a blood vessel Clot in brain can cause an apoplectic stroke or a heart attack Clot that moves is an embolism and it very dangerous

Complete Your Test Tube Identify 4 main components & their percentages

Four Components of Blood

Complete Review Table

Review Table

Any Questions?

Task Use notes & pages 244 – 246 Answer #1, 4 – 8 (on page 246)

Page 249 - #9 Leukemia – rapid white blood cell growth Sample: B – high white blood cell count

Page 249 - #12 High altitude – less oxygen available Sample: A – high RBC count – to carry more oxygen

Page 249 - #11 Lead poisoning – destroys bone marrow Sample: C – low RBC count b/c produced in bone marrow

Concept Map Blood 90% Gases, cells, nutrients, etc. ____ % which is composed of Gases, cells, nutrients, etc. Blood is made up of ____ % Cells including function which carry a.k.a. coagulation function __________ & __________ also known as erythrocytes types: leukocytes & lymphocytes

Concept Map Blood 90% water 55% Plasma which is composed of Gases, cells, nutrients, etc. Blood is made up of 10 % 1% Cells including Platelets function 43% blood clotting 1% Red Blood Cells a.k.a. coagulation White Blood Cells which carry function oxygen & carbon dioxide fight invaders (immune system) also known as erythrocytes types: leukocytes & lymphocytes