The Great Wave of Immigration Chapter 25

Vocabulary Assimilate Emigrate Attitude “Push & Pull Factors” Persecution Ellis Island Angel Island Emigrate “Push & Pull Factors” Ethnic Groups Steerage Emma Lazarus Sweatshops

Immigration Project Irish immigrants Russian immigrants Italian immigrants Irish immigrants Russian immigrants Polish immigrants Jewish immigrants Chinese immigrants Mexican immigrants Introduction: For this assignment, you will be writing a 2-3 paged typed research paper on an immigrant group of your choice. Your paper should answer the questions: Why did my chosen immigrant group decide to come to America? Once in America, how did they survive and make a living?

Choosing Reliable Sources 1. Books from the Learning Center 2. Reliable and Credible Websites A website is likely reliable if it ends in .edu (an academic website), .gov (a government website), or .org (a not for profit organization). Wikipedia is NOT a reliable source Personal web pages without authors are NOT reliable sources

In-Text Citation In-text citation: When taking information from a book or article, you should first cite the source in-text, at the end of the sentence to let the reader know where you are getting your information. For example: For websites with an author (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. When reading a website about birds by author Donald Burke you would cite information from page 3 like this: Parrots are the smartest birds in the animal kingdom (Burke 3).

Creating a Bibliography Creating a Bibliography: At the end of your paper, you should compile your sources to create a bibliography, listing the sources in alphabetical order by the author’s last name. When citing a book with more than one author, use the following format: Last name, First name (first author), First name Last name (second author and all extra authors). Title of Book. City of Publication, Year of Publication. Example: When citing your text book The American Journey it would look like this: Appleby, Joyce Ph.D, Alan Brinkley Ph.D, Alan S. Broussard Ph.D, Albert S. BroussardPh.D, James M. McPherson Ph.D, Donald A. Ritchie Ph.D. The American Journey. Columbus, Ohio, 2009.

The Great Wave of Immigration 25.1-25.2 40 years from 1880-1920, many “push and pull” factors caused a huge wave of immigration Factors included poverty, political violence, religious persecution, and promising economic opportunities in America 1880s- Many immigrants sought American farmland and all land was claimed by the 1900’s Immigrants settled in big cities as well 1920’s- America’s attitude towards immigration changed, becoming less free and open

Ellis Island & Angel Island Ellis Island was the nation’s busiest immigrant inspection station from 1892 until 1954 At Ellis Island, the United States Public Health Service operated extensive medical exams where immigrants were scored on their health status Back, conjunctivitis, trachoma, eyes, face, feet, goiter, heart, lameness, mental defects etc. Most Asian immigrants arrived in the U.S. on the West Coast in California and went through the processing center on Angel Island in San Francisco Bay

Immigration from around the Globe In the early 1880’s, Emma Lazarus visited Jewish refugees fleeing religious massacre from Russia and wrote “The Huddled Masses” (inscribed on the statue of Liberty) Give me your tired, your poor Your huddled masses, yearning to breathe free When Lazarus wrote her poem America was undergoing a transformation: Improvements in transportations like oceangoing steamships made transport safer, less expensive. Railroads made travel on land easier as well- immigrants could travel to cities, farmland.

New Immigration Patterns 1880-1920 more than 23 million immigrants arrived in America Before 1880’s most immigrants from northern Europe (Ireland, Germany) By 1890, most immigrants from southern and Eastern Europe (Greece, Italy, Russia, Poland) Non-European immigration also increased: Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Indian, Koreans, Canadians and Mexicans

New Immigration Patterns 2 After 1880, less immigrants spoke English. They tended to be poorer and less educated New comers were composed of large numbers of Jews, Catholics, Greek and Russian Orthodox, Buddhists, and Confucianists Many Americans unhappy with the newest wave of diverse immigrant