Chapter 10 Section 1 The Rise of Islam
The Rise of Islam Bedouins move through the desert Nomadic herders Competition for water warfare Traded with Arab tribes in oasis towns About 500AD
Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Born in Mecca, 570 AD Troubled by lack of morality in Mecca Goes to a cave to meditate Hears voice of angel Gabriel telling him to be the messenger of God Wife, Khadija is the 1st convert to Islam Islam means “submit to God/Allah”
The Hijra 622 AD At first, few converted Muhammad leaves Mecca Yathrib (Medina) Residents of Medina convert Loyal to the umma (community) Becomes 1st year of Islamic calendar Lunar calendar w/ 354.36 days Meanwhile, Meccan leaders hostile towards Muslims
The Hijra 630 AD Muslims attack Meccan caravans Muhammad returns to Mecca Destroys pagan idols in the Kaaba Rededicates it for Allah Spends two years spreading Islam Dies in 632
Teachings of Islam Monotheistic The Quran is their holy book Like Judaism & Christianity Worship the same God The Quran is their holy book Written in Arabic God is all-powerful, compassionate You’re responsible for your own actions God had other prophets, but Muhammad was the last
Teachings of Islam Five Pillars of Islam Jihad Practiced daily A struggle in God’s service Usually personal Sometimes interpreted as a holy war to defend Islam (like the Crusades)
Islam as a way of Life Sharia Islam and Women Body of law based on Quran Regulates moral conduct, family life, business, gov’t Islam and Women Quran teaches that men and women are spiritually equal Modest dress interpreted differently