Spiral Set Up RIGHT SIDE SPIRAL SET UP: Tape in Cloze Notes We will identify and explain the reasons for the colonization and growth of representative government at Plymouth and later at Massachusetts Bay using written observations, cloze notes, a song verse, and a timeline. Spiral Set Up LEFT SIDE SPIRAL SET UP: Tape in Preview and Process Sheet (one with boxes) Complete sections as directed Make observations of slides as we go RIGHT SIDE SPIRAL SET UP: Tape in Cloze Notes Fill in the Blank during Interactive Lecture

Plymouth, 1620 Massachusetts Bay New England Region The Next Colony Plymouth, 1620 Massachusetts Bay New England Region

Pilgrims Separatist group Want to break away from Church of England Want simple church ceremonies No music – statues of saints – gold crosses Persecuted in the name of King James I They had tried life in Holland/the Netherlands but were dissatisfied. Afraid their children were becoming too “Dutch.”

Pilgrims Virginia Company grants them land near Hudson River Storm blows them off course Settle in Massachusetts and name their colony “Plymouth” But they weren’t by themselves

Plymouth, 1620 102 people embarked to “Virginia on Sept. 6, 1620. 41 Separatists with 61 “Strangers” spent 66 days at sail being blown off course until they landed at present day Plymouth; All are known as pilgrims Knew they were NOT in Virginia, and so they needed some kind of agreement or social contract to live together. Wrote and signed MAYFLOWER COMPACT before leaving the boat.

Mayflower Compact 1st form of democracy in America Established principle of 1 man, 1 vote Helped set precedent that every man’s voice counted. Organized political system in Plymouth Established town meeting system of government Signed by separatists and strangers alike

Add Plymouth to the map 9

Similarities and Differences with Jamestown Starvation Period Saved by American Indians like Squanto and Samoset Only succeeded once private ownership of property became available to all Helped development of republicanism Differences Came to have religious freedom Brought families and regular people – no noblemen Subsistence farming Later fishing and whaling industry grows from Massachusetts Bay Colder climate, rocky soil

Some background State Church in England – King Henry VIII King Henry VIII – Protestant Church Church of England/Anglican Church Bible published in English for first time (without being killed for it) – Geneva Bible, King James Two main groups of Protestants who were unhappy with Anglican Church

Protestant Protesters Puritans Separatists Wanted to cleanse the Anglican Church from within – to “purify” it. Criticized the English monarchy vocally accusing it of corruption and sin Came to America to establish religious colony – a new theocracy ruled by principles of Bible The Great Migration – Over 20,000 Puritans came after 1630 Established Salem, Cape Ann, and the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Boston) Wanted to establish their own Protestant religion and practice within their own community Came to America to be able to have religious freedom Settled in Plymouth and wrote the Mayflower Compact

Puritan Sense of Mission Change (purify) the Church of England Unsuccessful Go on an Errand Into The Wilderness In America establish Massachusetts Bay Colony John Winthrop – governor

Puritan Model of Community “City upon the hill” – “A beacon of light” Set the example of how a community should live

Puritans Led by John Winthrop Wanted to build “City Upon a Hill” that would light the world with God’s laws and love Very religious and strict By late 1600s, New England was theocracy with Puritans in total charge of the community; Still had town meetings…voting rights based on membership in church, not property ownership Kicked out people who disagreed with main proponents of church doctrine

The Great Migration 1630 - 1640 20,000 move to Mass. Bay Colony

Moved into Rhode Island and Connecticut forming NEW England Region Roger Williams kicked out of Massachusetts and established free religious society in Rhode Island Anne Hutchison kicked out of Massachusetts Thomas Hooker established Connecticut and wrote “Fundamental Orders of Connecticut” - the 1st Constitution written in America based on individual rights – religion being main one.

New England Colonies Very cold climate Rocky soil – couldn’t grow crops Subsistence farming Trees – made lumber profitable Lumber made shipbuilding profitable Fishing, Whaling became main economics