1950s: Boom Time
The War is Over. Now What? Demobilization: The shift from a war-time economy back to a peace-time consumer economy What’s the big fear? For Men For Women
G.I Bill of Rights (1944) Financial help to veterans 3 main components Unemployment insurance for 1 year Financial aid for college Government loans for homes and business How did the GI Bill “democratize” America?
Baby Boom (1946-64) Huge increase in population following the war Usually a sign of stability and economic growth What did it mean for women?
Growing Economy Inflation: Too much $, too few goods. Prices rise. Worldwide Dominance: Americans had plenty of money to spend. Conspicuous consumption improves the standard of living. Huge manufacturing output (50% of worldwide productivity)
Growing Economy (cont.) Technological Advances: War tech converts to consumer uses Government Spending: Government propped up economy during war, so now continue to “invest” in America GI Bill; Marshall Plan ?
Harry S. Truman Won the war, but… Labor (usually nice to Democrats) not happy Republicans want power Inflation Taft-Hartley Act
Election of 1948 Democrats split into THREE factions Race plays a large issue in Democratic split Truman pulls off the biggest upset in American political history Fair Deal
Eisenhower wins 1952 election Little political experience Great name recognition from WW II A leader and calming influence Take a more conservative middle ground approach Didn’t expand gov’t, but did little to shrink it Interstate Highway System
A Society on the Move Post-War Changes
Growth of Suburbs Increased auto ownership Interstate highway system Families vacation in state and national parks Migration to the Sunbelt Shifts in political representation (Think back to the first week of class)
Education More people attend college People needed in more skilled/ technological jobs Educated workers=boost in productivity Rise in high school and college graduates Gov’t funding especially after Sputnik More money to public universities California Master Plan Brown v Board of Ed of Topeka
Brown v Board of Education of Topeka
Economy Service sector “Postindustrial” society Information industries Women in workforce Rise of a true middle class Manufacturing & farming decline Franchise businesses Multi-national corporations AFL-CIO join forces