Molar Mass.

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Molar Mass and Mole Calculation Problems

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Presentation transcript:

Molar Mass

Let’s Compare 1 bag of beans to 1 mole of carbon 1 “bag” 1 mole carbon 6 x 1023 carbon atoms Mass Mass 12 grams 453 grams

Let’s Compare Same number of atoms Different masses. one mole of hydrogen to one mole of gold 1 mol H 1 mol Au 6 x 1023 atoms H 6 x 1023 atoms Au Mass Mass 1 gram H 197 grams Au Same number of atoms Different masses.

Molar Mass Molar Mass – the mass of one mole of any substance Atoms have different masses, so the molar mass of every element is different The unit for molar mass is “grams per mole”

Mass on the Periodic Table 6 C Carbon 12.01 MICROSCOPIC Atomic Mass Mass in amu 6 protons + 6 neutrons 12 amu Mass of 1 carbon atom MACROSCOPIC Molar Mass Mass in grams 1 mole of Carbon weighs 12 grams 12 g Mass of 1 mole of carbon atoms

Molar Mass Conversion Factors 6 C 12.01 Molar mass = 1 mol = ___ g Carbon: 1 mol C = Oxygen: 1 mol O = Sodium: 1 mol Na = Nitrogen: 1 mol N = Fluorine: 1 mol F = Calcium 1 mol Ca = 12 g C 16 g O 23 g Na 14 g N

Check for Understanding Oxygen (O) How many atoms in one mole of oxygen? How much does one mole of oxygen weigh? Silver (Ag) How many atoms in one mole of silver? How much does one mole of silver weigh? Phosphorus (P) How many atoms in one mole of phosphorus? How much does one mole of phosphorus weigh?

MOLAR MASS OF COMPOUNDS The molar mass of a compound is the sum of the molar mass of the individual elements H = 1g O = 16g 1 mole of H2O (6.02 x 1023 molecules H2O) = O + H + H = 16g + 1g + 1g = 18 g H2O H = 1g

Molar Mass of Compounds Add up the molar mass of all the elements in the compound: 1 mole of CO2 = 16g + 16g + 12g = 44g CO2 = 6.02 x 1023 CO2 molecules O = 16g O = 16g C = 12g

Compounds with parenthesis: Ca(OH)2 Multiply the subscript across all atoms inside the parenthesis 1 mole of Ca(OH)2 (multiply everything inside the parenthesis by 2) = 1 calcium atom, 2 oxygens, 2 hydrogens = 40 + 16 + 16 + 1 + 1 = 74 g Ca(OH)2 O = 16g H = 1g O H Ca H O H = 1g O = 16g Ca = 40g

Compounds with parenthesis: (NH4)3P Multiply the subscript across all atoms inside the parenthesis 1 mole of (NH4)3P (multiply everything inside the parenthesis by 3) = 3 nitrogens, 12 hydrogens, 1 phosphorus H N P: 1 x 31g = 31 g N: 3 x 14g = 42g H: 12 x 1g = 12g 85g H N P H N