Mendel and His Peas Pg 80-81

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mehz7tCxjSE

Who was Mendel? Gregor Mendel- Known as the “ Father of Genetics” Austrian monk – tended the garden at monastery Experimented with pea plants to try and find a pattern to the way characteristics are passed from generation to generation.

Why study peas? Easy to grow Easy to identify traits (color, height) Quick life cycle Controlled mating Lots of offspring True breeding pairs Easy to grown Control mating Lots of offspring Quick life cyle Easy to ID traits True breeding

What traits did Mendel study? Pea shape Pea color Stem height Pod color Pod shape Flower color Pea shape Pea colo Coat color Pod shape Pod color Flower color Flower position Plant height

True breeding = always produces offspring with same traits as parents. Mendel’s FirstCross Produces ALL Short short short X True breeding = always produces offspring with same traits as parents. A.K.A. – Purebred or Homozygous

X Produces ALL Tall tall tall

Mendel’s Second Cross

P (parental) generation = true breeding plants (self pollinated plants) F1 (first filial) generation = offspring F2 (second filial) generation = F1 offspring

MENDEL’S Conclusion Alternate version of genes (alleles) cause variations in inherited characteristics among offspring. For each character, every organism inherits one allele from each parent. If 2 alleles are different, the dominant allele will be fully expressed; the recessive allele will have no noticeable effect on offspring’s appearance.

Mendel’s Laws Law of Segregation: the 2 alleles for each trait separate during gamete formation. Law of Independent Assortment: Each pair of alleles segregates (separates) independently during gamete formation

Mendel’s Laws Law of Segregation: the 2 alleles for each character separate during gamete formation. Law of Independent Assortment: Each pair of alleles segregates (separates) independently during gamete formation (Eg. color is separate from shape)