Sexual vs Asexual Reproduction ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Standard: S7L3b. Compare and contrast that organisms reproduce asexually and sexually.

How are genetic traits passed on from generation to generation? Reproduction Two types: Asexual and Sexual

What is asexual reproduction? offspring genetically identical to parent Occurs through mitosis Types of asexual reproduction: binary fission, budding, regeneration

What is binary fission? Single celled organisms divide into two cells (fission) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEwzDydciWc

What is budding? Parent organism forms an outgrowth (budding) that forms into a new organism

What is regeneration? Regeneration: a whole individual from a fragment Flat worms, sea anemones, sea stars, many plants http://www.exploratorium.edu/imaging_station/research/planaria/story_planaria1.php

Advantages of Asexual Reproduction: Easy and fast: grow population quickly No energy spent in attracting mate, creating gametes, raising young Great in a stable environment Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction: Lack of genetic diversity-mutations stick around! Not able to survive changing environments.

What is Sexual Reproduction? -offspring genetically different from parent Parents form haploid cells (meiosis) that fuse to form diploid organism Sperm, egg, pollen, spores Fertilization is external or internal

Advantages of Sexual Reproduction: Genetic diversity that allows for **EVOLUTION** More likely to survive changing environments (physical, increasing efficiency in avoiding predators, getting prey, etc.) Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction: Population does not grow as quickly A lot of energy spent in attracting mate, creating gametes, raising young

Where do variations in genetics come from? Mutations Any permanent changes in an organism’s DNA or genes. Mutations are not always negative or harmful MUTATIONS DO NOT OCCUR BECAUSE ANY ORGANISM NEEDS OR WANTS THE TRAIT