Unit 3: Civil War 10.28.16

Please take out your notebooks & open to a new page. Entry Task Please take out your notebooks & open to a new page.

Timeline 1793: Cotton Gin is invented Increased cotton production  increased need for slaves Early 1800s: Second Great Awakening Religious revival  focus on justice 1820: Missouri Compromise passed Missouri becomes a slave state, Maine becomes a free state (keeps the balance in the Senate) North of 36 30’ is free, South is slave No one is happy 1830s: Abolitionist movement begins

Timeline 1850: The Compromise of 1850 CA enters as a free state, slavery allowed in Utah & New Mexico territories Fugitive Slave Law: Escaped slaves must be returned to their owners 1852: Uncle Tom’s Cabin published 1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act The people who live in the Kansas & Nebraska territories would decide if they are slave or free states

Timeline 1856: Senator Charles Sumner beaten in the Senate

Timeline 1856: The Dred Scott decision Dred & Harriet Scott sue for their freedom b/c they had lived for a while in Wisconsin (a free state) Decision: The phrase “all men are created equal” did not include slaves, therefore Dred Scott is not a citizen & cannot sue 1859: John Brown leads raid on Harper’s Ferry Steals weapons for a slave uprising, JB executed for treason

Timeline 1860: Presidential Election Stephen Douglass (N. Democrats): supported popular sovereignty (states decide) John C Breckinridge (S. Democrats): pro-slavery John Bell (Constitutional Union): avoided the issue altogether Abraham Lincoln (Republicans): opposed slavery Lincoln wins with less than 40% of the popular vote (all from the North)

Secession

April 12, 1861 Southern forces open fire on Fort Sumter (Charleston, SC) “There is no more thought of bribing or coaxing the traitors who have dared to aim their cannon balls at the flag of the Union.” -Lincoln Civil War had begun

The Deadliest War in U.S. History 700,000 died More than the American Rev., WWI, WWII, and Vietnam COMBINED

Why so deadly? Guns more effective Bullets more lethal Shrapnel, booby traps & land mines Outdated military strategies Disease & lack of sanitation

Advantages of the North & South

Advantages of the North 71% of the U.S. population Factories Railroads

Advantages of the South Military strategy & commitment War of Attrition attrition (n): gradually reducing the strength or effectiveness of someone through sustained attack or pressure

The Progress of the War

Battles of the Civil War Date Battle April 12, 1861 Battle of Fort Sumter July 21, 1861 First Battle of Bull Run September 17, 1862 Battle of Antietam July 1-3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg November 15 – December 21, 1864 Sherman’s March April 9, 1865 Surrender at the Appomattox Court House

Battles of the Civil War Take notes on: Who was involved What happened (brief summary) When & where it happened Why it’s important (results)