Idealism and Influence: Conflicts of a Changing American Identity When, if ever, is it valid for one nation or culture to intervene in another to impose its values? How did the imperializing countries justify imperialism?

Students will Know… American foreign policy from 1791 to the 1830s Origins and consequences for American interest in overseas expansion in the late 1800s

Students will understand… Nations act in their own interests. A Nations needs and goals change over time. Expansion/ Growth generate positive and negative effects.

Imperialism-: (as defined in the Merriam Webster Dictionary) the policy or practice of extending the power of a nation especially by direct territorial acquisitions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life of other areas

The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire Old Imperialism Definition- A policy of building empires by imposing political and economic control over peoples around the world Old Imperialism: sixteenth century to early nineteenth century. The reasons: search of trade routes, exploration of the New World, and establishing settlements in North and South America and Southeast Asia. The European nations worked closely with leaders to make sure the European economy was benefiting out of the occupied country. Territories focused on: Americas, India, South Africa, East Indies, coast of Africa and China. (Examine World Affairs Scholastic Magazine) Mercantilism: maintained that colonies could serve as a source of wealth, while personal motives by rulers, statesmen, explorers, and missionaries supported the imperial belief in "Glory, God, and Gold." Britain: leading colonial power, colonies in India, South Africa and Australia. The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire

The “New” Age of Imperialism A time period beginning around 1870 when modern, relatively developed nations were taking over less developed areas, colonizing them, or influencing them in order to expand their own power.

Define Isolationism Imperialism Foreign Policy Mercantilism

Imperialism is empire building Imperialism is empire building. It refers to the economic, social and political domination of one nation over another. It is a broader term than mercantilism. Mercantilism refers to the economic domination of one nation over another.

Idealism and Influence: Conflicts of a Changing Identity. American Idealism: The idea that the United States is qualitatively different than other nations because of her unique history. Our commitment to certain goals (liberty, democracy, equality for all people, and laissez faire (let it be) mentality when it comes to the economy should be defended and promoted. The young nation looked forward to the day when, as a more powerful nation, they might begin to shape the world to conform more closely to these ideals. Realism: The theory that mankind (including the USA) is not inherently benevolent but rather self-centered and competitive. The goal of every state is that of survival which leads to a security dilemma and eventual conflict. So if we are doomed to fail, should we pursue our ideals?

Idealism and Influence: Conflicts of a Changing Identity. Influence: the capacity or power of persons or things to be a compelling force on or produce effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of others Submission: the action or fact of accepting or yielding to a superior force or to the will or authority of another person.

Foreign Policy Defined-a policy pursued by a nation in its dealings with other nations, designed to achieve national objectives We will now examine American foreign policy from 1791 to the 1830s. There were two documents that defined our goals/dealings with other nations.

Document A The great rule for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible…Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none or a very remote relation…Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves to artificial ties… ~George Washington (Farewell Address, 1789)

What kind of Foreign Policy is George Washington Advocating in his Farewell Address (1791)?

Document B In the wars of the European powers…we have never taken any part…It is only when our rights are invaded or seriously menaced that we resent injuries or make preparation for our defense. With the movements in this hemisphere we are of necessity more immediately connected…We should consider any attempt on their {European’s} part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. ~ James Monroe (The Monroe Doctrine, 1823)

What kind of Foreign Policy is the Monroe Doctrine (1823) Advocating?

Foreign Policy Consider the changes from George Washington’s Farewell Address to the Monroe Doctrine How has American foreign policy goals and actions changed over time? What do you believe is causing these changes?

What were the Origins and consequences of American interest in overseas expansion in the mid/late 1800s? Tic-Tac-Toe Activity

Origins According to this document why should the United States practice Imperialism (Empire Building)? Does this reasoning reflect the idea that Nations often act in their own interest? Explain.

Notes: Justification for Imperialism Economic Reasons- Industrialization fueled our expansionism New Markets (Open Door Policy in China) More Resources Investments Political Reasons Nationalism- pride in one’s nation (Glory and prestige) Military Supremacy (refueling bases) Balance of Power Social Reasons-To Spread American Ideals Democracy Christianity Education What assumption is being made here about indigenous populations?

Case Studies How did the United States gain influence in this particular case study? Alaska Panama China

Consequences What were the potential consequences of Imperialism? (Good and Bad). If not specifically mentioned, infer the consequences based on your reading. How might imperialists, anti-imperialists and indigenous populations view American influence?

Stakeholders in American Expansion Americans Imperialists (Theodore Roosevelt) Anti-imperialists (Andrew Carnegie/ Mark Twain) Indigenous Population Native People