Stacy Kopso, M.Ed., R.T.(R)(M)

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Presentation transcript:

Stacy Kopso, M.Ed., R.T.(R)(M) Additional Equipment

Additional Equipment Dedicated units Panoramic x-ray Bone densitometry Mammography Linear tomography

Dedicated Units Chest radiography

Panoramic X-ray Mandible and Teeth Moves around the stationary patient Long exposure times

Bone Densitometry Determine if a patients bone mineral density or mass is normal or low for evaluation of osteoporosis (DXA) Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry Lower spine and hips are scanned w/ 2 diff xray energies to isolate bone from soft tissue attenuation Denser the bone, few photons are transmitted

Bone Densitometry DXA scintillator detectors absorb the x-ray photons and convert the energy proportionally to visible light Photons measured at both high & low energies are compared w/ standards for young, healthy adults

Data Analysis T-Score Z-Score Number of standard deviations the pt measurement is from the data mean for a population sample of young, healthy adults Indicates fracture risk Z-Score Compares the individual measurement ot a data mean for a population of similarly aged individuals May signify the need to evaluate the pt for secondary causes of osteoporosis

Bone Densitometry

Mammography Breast is composed of soft tissues that attenuate the x-ray beam similarly Low kilovoltage (24-34) increases the subject contrast to better visualize the similar tissues Target material of tube made out of molybdenum & rhodium Contain more low energy x-rays best suited for breast imaging

Mammography FSS Low ratio grid, AEC, image receptors .1-.3MM (Increased spatial resolution) Low ratio grid, AEC, image receptors Compression & magnification of the breast tissue Single emulsion film/single intensifying screens Higher contrast more detail

Mammography

Linear tomography X-ray tube and image receptor move in opposing directions to create images by blurring the anatomy located above & below the plane of interest (fulcrum point) Exposure time is increased, low mA, appropiate kVp for body part and thickness Replaced by CT/still used for IVP

Thickness of the section is inversely related to the tomographic angle