The Haiku’s Older, Slightly More Complicated Brother

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The Haiku’s Older, Slightly More Complicated Brother The Tanka The Haiku’s Older, Slightly More Complicated Brother

What is a tanka? 短歌 (literally means “short poem”) Basically - a haiku with two extra seven-syllable lines Form: 5-7-5-7-7 No specific rhyme scheme/rhythm to follow Usually discusses an aspect of nature (similar to the haiku)

Example Poems “The trouble is Every man Keeps a prisoner Groaning In his heart.” - Takuboku Ishikawa “The color of the cherry blossom Has faded in vain In the long rain While in idle thoughts I have spent my life.” Ono no Komachi

History The Tanka first originated around the seventh century It was used in the Japanese Imperial Court and used for courtships Many couples used it as a form of ‘thanks’ after an outing together because it was viewed as intimate form of communication Can be seen as Japan’s version of love letters Women usually wrote them more often than men

Symbology of the Tanka’s Structure It quickly rose in popularity in the era for several reasons Is like a mixture of a ballad and a sonnet “Tanka” can also be translated to “short song” Originally, the tanka was meant to be chanted to a small rhythm, making it similar to the musical ballad A Tanka has a poetic “turn” like the sonnet has This turn is located within the third line. It connects the “kami-no-ku”, or “upper poem”, with the “shimo-no-ku”, or “lower poem”

The Modern Tanka The tanka was revived by several poets who published their poems in literary magazines Masaoka Shiki’s works were very influential, and the literary magazine they were published in - Hototogisu - is still published today Ishikawa Takuboku’s tankas have been published in The New York Times (1980) The tanka lost popularity after World War II, but after the late 1980s has regained popularity thanks to contemporary poets such as Tawara Machi Many newspapers today have tanka columns

Haiku to Tanka Activity In this short activity, you will be given a paper with three haikus. Come up with two more lines that will complete the poem and follow the form of a tanka.

Tanka Madlib Flowers (1 syllable) (2 syllable) (3 syllable) in the (2 syllable) (2 syllable) bloom (2 syllable) (1 syllable) gone with the (3 syllable) (1 syllable) (1 syllable) dying in the dark