Section 1: Marching Towards War Chapter 13: The great war Section 1: Marching Towards War

Section 1: Marching Towards War QW#4.1 – I got you, homey! Suppose you are at the movies with your friends. One of them is acting dumb and running his or her mouth. Another person talks back to them calling them out on their behavior (which are not necessarily in agreement with). Your friend is ready to start a fight, do you support your friend? Even if you know that this support may land you in trouble with your parents or even the police? What might happen if you refuse to lend your support to them? Explain.

Section 1: Marching Towards War Period of Peace 30 year peace with countries in Europe Deliberate effort towards a lasting peace Rising Tensions Nationalism Rivalry amongst European nations Germany, GB, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Italy, France Resources, land, old grudges Imperialism Militarism Power based on military power and ability to mobilize

Section 1: Marching Towards War Tangled Alliances Bismarck Forges Early Pacts Attempts to Isolate an old foe – France Triple Alliance – Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary 1881 – Germany-Russian Alliance Shifting Alliance Threaten Peace Kaiser Wilhelm II Forces Bismarck to resign Lets Russian Treaty lapse > Russia and France make pact Builds up military (naval power) Triple Entente – France, GB, Russia What did these alliances mean?

Section 1: Marching Towards War Crisis in the Balkans Restless Region Ottomans losing power > decline of the empire Nationalism > Slavic states Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary Shot Rings Throughout Europe Austro-Hungarian heir – Archduke Ferdinand Serbian responsibility of the Black Hand Serbian and Austro-Hungarian negotiations fail Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia Russian mobilizes against along the border

Section 1: Europe Plunges into War Chapter 13: The great war Section 1: Europe Plunges into War

Section 2: Europe Plunges into War QW# 4.1 – How do you think industrialization helped or hurt the war efforts?

Section 2: Europe Plunges into War The Great War Begins Alliances take their toll > Germans declare on Russia Nations take Sides Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire Centrally located in Europe Allied Powers – GB, France, Russia, Japan, Italy Soldier happily went to war thinking it was going to be short and victorious

Section 2: Europe Plunges into War A Bloody Stalemate Western Front – area of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other The Schlieffen Plan The First Battle of Marne Failed Plan Russia Advances

Section 2: Europe Plunges into War War in the Trenches Trench Warfare Conditions Risks and the many ways to die New weapons Poison Gas Machine guns Tanks Submarines Airplane Warfare

Section 2: Europe Plunges into War Battle on the Eastern Front Eastern Front – area of the battlefield along the German and Russian borders Back and forth, with Russian Struggles Lack of industrialization Limited Port Access Weather – The Frozen Front Russian numbers

Section 3: A Global Conflict Chapter 13: The great war Section 3: A Global Conflict

Section 3: A Global Conflict QW # 4.3 – Where the heck are the Americans? Why do you think the US has not entered the fray of World War I yet? Explain your answer.

Section 3: A Global Conflict War Affects the World Gallipoli Campaign Constantinople Dardanelles as a way to the city and to supply Russia Another Stalemate Battles around the World Where? Who? Why? America Joins in – Finally Lusitania Germany meddling The Zimmerman Note

Section 3: A Global Conflict War Affects the Home Front Government Wages Total War All available resources devoted to war effort Women’s Roles elevated – at home, in the field Rationing of goods and services Propaganda posters Allies Win the War Russia Withdraws Russian Soldiers refused to fight Poor and hungry people Lenin seizes power Treaty with Germany to end their part of the war

Section 3: A Global Conflict Weakened German Military Second Battle of Marne US helps the Allies Germans fail, Ottomans Surrender, Revolution in Austria-Hungary Armistice November 11, 1918 Legacy of the War 8.5 Million deaths, plus civilian deaths of starvation and disease Economic devastation

Section 4: A Flawed Peace QW #4.4 – Who is to Blame? Where do you feel the majority of the blame belongs? Which country should pay the most retribution?

Section 4: A Flawed Peace The Allies Meet and Debate The Big four: Woodrow Wilson, Clemenceau, George, and Orlando Wilson’s Fourteen Points League of Nations Treaty of Versailles Territorial Losses Military Reduction War Guilt Germany and the Ottoman Empire A peace built on Quicksand

Section 4: A Flawed Peace

Section 4: A Flawed Peace