How does the Civil War Begin?

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Presentation transcript:

How does the Civil War Begin?

Chain of events Dred Scott Decision Lincoln Douglas Debates 1857 Lincoln Douglas Debates 1858 John Brown’s Raid 1859 Election of Lincoln 1860

Election of Lincoln election would decide the direction country was “leaning” Lincoln wins, even though he does not appear on ANY southern state ballot South feels that Lincoln will halt slavery’s spread They will lose power. S.C. votes to secede.

ELECTORAL RESULTS Do you see any patterns ?

STATEMENT OF SECESSION BY SOUTH CAROLINA Dec. 20,1860

How does the Confederacy form? After South Carolina secedes, 6 other states quickly follow. They select a capital ( Montgomery, Alabama) They pick a President( Jefferson Davis) They form a government ( Congress) Select a name- Confederate States of America

How does the war start? All southern states that seceded, seized all “former” U.S. military (forts) installations within their states. The only one still in U.S. hands was on island in Charleston, S.C. Fort Sumter

Fort Sumter

How does the war start? Southern leaders demanded the surrender of the fort, the commander refused. Lincoln did not want to start the war (fire the 1st shot)- so he tried to resupply the fort. Confederate forces surrounding the fort, fired on the fort before that could happen. April 12,1861- the war began.

The shelling of Fort Sumter

A newspaper drawing the event The shelling of Fort Sumter A newspaper drawing the event

How does the war start? After about day of shelling (bombing) Union forces surrendered Confederates seized the fort.

Unique situation: Anderson had taught artillery at West Point Union Commander in Ft Sumter Confederate Commander OUTSIDE Ft. Sumter Sumter Anderson had taught artillery at West Point This was his “star” student He had one student he kept as a instructor to teach other “cadets”.

Border State/ Importance? 1.MISSOURI 2.KENTUCKY 3.MARYLAND 4.DELAWARE

Union and Confederate A Comparison UNION Advantages Population Industry Natural Resources Banking system Navy Railroads Lincoln’s leadership Confederate Advantages Better support for war Fighting defensive Knowledge of the land Military leadership

GOALS OF EACH SIDE UNION CONFEDERATE 1. To bring seceded states back into the Union! CONFEDERATE

GOALS OF EACH SIDE UNION CONFEDERATE 1. To win their independence 1. To bring seceded states back into the Union! CONFEDERATE 1. To win their independence

GOALS OF EACH SIDE UNION CONFEDERATE 1. To win their independence To bring seceded states back into the Union! CONFEDERATE 1. To win their independence To be “recognized” as a country!

Below are strategies –place them in correct box-Union or Confederate Capture “enemy” capital Get foreign help Defend “homeland” Blockade Make other side “tired” of fighting Control Mississippi R.

Strategy Comparison UNION- CONFEDERATE 2. Control of Miss. River 1. Blockade of South 2. Control of Miss. River 3. Capture of Richmond CONFEDERATE 1. Defend territory and give up land only when necessary 2. Get foreign recognition 3. Make Union grow tired of fighting 4. Occasionally go on the “OFFENSIVE” and invade the North! (2times)

Strategy Comparison UNION- CONFEDERATE Control of Miss. River 1. Blockade of South Control of Miss. River 3. Capture of Richmond CONFEDERATE 1. Defend territory and give up land only when necessary 2. Get foreign recognition 3. Make Union grow tired of fighting

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A TYPICAL SOLDIER UNION SOLDIER Confederate Soldier

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Confederate Soldier Union Soldier

What were the sizes of the two armies by 1861? Both sides had under 200,000 soldiers What were the false hopes both sides had about the coming war? BILLY YANK JONNY REB

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