Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities Canada’s GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities

STANDARDS: SS6CG1 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential. SS6CG3 The student will explain the structure of the national government of Canada. Describe the structure of the Canadian government as a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federation, distinguishing the role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms. © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: CLOZE Notes The next pages are handouts for the students to use for note-taking during the presentation. (Print front to back to save paper and ink.) Check the answers as a class after the presentation.   © Brain Wrinkles

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 1 Federal Background CANADA Let’s Review Canada’s central government handles things like _______________________________ , while the local governments have control over local affairs. There are _______________________________ and 3 territories in Canada. Canada has a _______________________________ , which means that the national government and the provincial & territorial governments SHARE power. Canada still has _______________________________ today, which are seen in the country’s government. In that year, Canada established its _______________________________ that outlines the country’s laws and freedoms. _______________________________, Canada was under the authority of the British constitution. Leader works _______________________________ from legislature Presidential--system of government in which the leader is constitutionally independent of the legislature; citizens directly _______________________________ Leader works with or through the _______________________________ Parliamentary– citizens _______________________________ of Parliament, and then the members select the leader Democracy--supreme power is vested in the people & exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation involving _______________________________ Oligarchy-- _______________________________ exercises control & citizens have limited role in government Autocracy-- 1 person possesses _______________________________ & citizens have limited role in government Federal-- _______________________________ between central authority & several regional authorities Confederation--association of independent states that agree to certain limitations on their freedoms by _______________________________ Unitary--power is held by _______________________________ authority © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 1

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 2 Legislature How Leaders Are Chosen Leadership Constitutional Monarchy The largest political party in the House _______________________________ . Members serve _______________________________ 2. House of Commons (308 seats): members are _______________________________ by the people Members are _______________________________ by the people; can serve until they are 75 years old 1. Senate (105 seats): members are _______________________________ with advice from the Prime Minister. It consists of: The Parliament of Canada is the country’s _______________________________ legislature. Members of Parliament belong to many _______________________________ . The citizens of Canada _______________________________ of Parliament. Canada’s legislature is called _______________________________ . A country’s legislature is its central authority (______________________ ). Prime Minister: is the _______________________________ in the House of Commons; indirectly elected by the people Governor General: _______________________________ on the advice of the Prime Minister; serves a 5-year term Prime Minister: holds the _______________________________ ; works closely with the legislature Governor General: stands in _______________________________ Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom (presently, Queen Elizabeth II); _______________________________ with little political power Both of these roles are mostly ceremonial and hold ___________________ . Since the monarch does not live in Canada, she chooses a governor-general to ___________________________ . Canada can be described as a _______________________________ , which means that it has its own constitution but its head of state is the monarch of Great Britain. © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 2

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 3 Role of the Citizen Parliamentary Democracy Some examples include equal rights, _______________________________ , freedom of religion, and right to a fair trial. Canada’s constitution guarantees citizens _______________________________ and freedoms, much like what we have in the United States. The citizens _______________________________ of the Parliament, who then elects the prime minister. As a democracy, Canada’s citizens can _______________________________ and elections. Citizens must be _______________________________ , but voting is not required by law. If that happens, the prime minister _______________________________ and a new one is chosen immediately. The government will stay in office for a specified period unless the prime minister _______________________________ in the legislature on an important vote. In Canada, the prime minister and his cabinet are members of the legislature, and they must _______________________________ . Citizens vote for members of Parliament, and then members _______________________________ . Parliamentary Democracy – legislature (Parliament) _______________________________ (Executive Leader) This is the _______________________________ between a Presidential Democracy and a Parliamentary Democracy! Whichever political party has the _______________________________ in the legislature selects the prime minister. © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 3

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 1 KEY Federal Background CANADA Let’s Review Canada’s central government handles things like trade and national security, while the local governments have control over local affairs. There are 10 provinces and 3 territories in Canada. Canada has a federal system, which means that the national government and the provincial & territorial governments SHARE power. Canada still has ties to Great Britain today, which are seen in the country’s government. In that year, Canada established its own constitution that outlines the country’s laws and freedoms. Until 1982, Canada was under the authority of the British constitution. Leader works separate from legislature Presidential--system of government in which the leader is constitutionally independent of the legislature; citizens directly elect leader Leader works with or through the legislature Parliamentary– citizens elect members of Parliament, and then the members select the leader Democracy--supreme power is vested in the people & exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation involving free elections Oligarchy-- small group exercises control & citizens have limited role in government Autocracy-- 1 person possesses unlimited power & citizens have limited role in government Federal--power is divided between central authority & several regional authorities Confederation--association of independent states that agree to certain limitations on their freedoms by joining together Unitary--power is held by one central authority © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 1 KEY

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 2 KEY Legislature How Leaders Are Chosen Leadership Constitutional Monarchy The largest political party in the House elects the Prime Minister. Members serve 5-year terms 2. House of Commons (308 seats): members are directly elected by the people Members are not elected by the people; can serve until they are 75 years old 1. Senate (105 seats): members are appointed by the governor general with advice from the Prime Minister. It consists of: The Parliament of Canada is the country’s bicameral legislature. Members of Parliament belong to many different political parties. The citizens of Canada vote for members of Parliament. Canada’s legislature is called Parliament. A country’s legislature is its central authority (law-making body). Prime Minister: is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons; indirectly elected by the people Governor General: appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister; serves a 5-year term Prime Minister: holds the most political power; works closely with the legislature Governor General: stands in for the monarch Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom (presently, Queen Elizabeth II); mostly ceremonial with little political power Both of these roles are mostly ceremonial and hold very little power. Since the monarch does not live in Canada, she chooses a governor-general to act in her place. Canada can be described as a constitutional monarchy, which means that it has its own constitution but its head of state is the monarch of Great Britain. © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 2 KEY

Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 3 KEY Role of the Citizen Parliamentary Democracy Some examples include equal rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and right to a fair trial. Canada’s constitution guarantees citizens many personal rights and freedoms, much like what we have in the United States. The citizens vote for members of the Parliament, who then elects the prime minister. As a democracy, Canada’s citizens can participate in voting and elections. Citizens must be 18 to vote, but voting is not required by law. If that happens, the prime minister must resign and a new one is chosen immediately. The government will stay in office for a specified period unless the prime minister loses support of the majority in the legislature on an important vote. In Canada, the prime minister and his cabinet are members of the legislature, and they must answer to the legislature. Citizens vote for members of Parliament, and then members choose the prime minister. Parliamentary Democracy – legislature (Parliament) chooses Head of Government (Executive Leader) This is the major difference between a Presidential Democracy and a Parliamentary Democracy! Whichever political party has the most members in the legislature selects the prime minister. © Brain Wrinkles Canada’s Gov. CLOZE Notes 3 KEY

Government Canada’s Constitutional Monarchy Parliamentary Democracy Federation © Brain Wrinkles

Government Systems – Who has the power? Let’s Review Government Systems – Who has the power? Unitary--power is held by one central authority Confederation--association of independent states that agree to certain limitations on their freedoms by joining together Federal--power is divided between central authority & several regional authorities © Brain Wrinkles

Government TYPES– HOW DO CITIZENS PARTICIPATE? Let’s Review Government TYPES– HOW DO CITIZENS PARTICIPATE? Autocracy-- 1 person possesses unlimited power & citizens have limited role in government Oligarchy-- small group exercises control & citizens have limited role in government Democracy--supreme power is vested in the people & exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation involving free elections © Brain Wrinkles

TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS: Let’s Review TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS: Parliamentary– citizens elect members of Parliament, and then the members select the leader Leader works with or through the legislature Presidential--system of government in which the leader is constitutionally independent of the legislature; citizens directly elect leader Leader works separate from legislature © Brain Wrinkles

CANADA © Brain Wrinkles

Background Until 1982, Canada was under the authority of the British constitution. In that year, Canada established its own constitution that outlines the country’s laws and freedoms. Canada still has ties to Great Britain today, which are seen in the country’s government. © Brain Wrinkles

Parliament Hill, in Ottawa, Ontario, is home to Canada’s central government. © Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

Federal System Canada has a federal system, which means that the national government and the provincial & territorial governments SHARE power. There are 10 provinces and 3 territories in Canada. Canada’s central government handles things like trade and national security, while the local governments have control over local affairs. © Brain Wrinkles

Federal Governments © Brain Wrinkles

Constitutional Monarchy It has Constitutional Monarchy Canada can be described as a constitutional monarchy, which means that it has its own constitution but its head of state is the monarch of Great Britain. Since the monarch does not live in Canada, she chooses a governor-general to act in her place. Both of these roles are mostly ceremonial and hold very little power. © Brain Wrinkles

Leadership 1. Head of State: Monarch of the United Kingdom (presently, Queen Elizabeth II); mostly ceremonial with little political power 2. Governor General: stands in for the monarch 3. Prime Minister: holds the most political power; works closely with the legislature © Brain Wrinkles

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II © Brain Wrinkles

His Excellency The Right Honorable David Johnston Governor General © Brain Wrinkles

The Right Honorable Justin Trudeau Prime Minister © Brain Wrinkles

How Leaders Are Chosen Governor General: appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister; serves a 5-year term Prime Minister: is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons; indirectly elected by the people © Brain Wrinkles

Legislature A country’s legislature is its central authority (law-making body). Canada’s legislature is called Parliament. The citizens of Canada vote for members of Parliament. Members of Parliament belong to many different political parties. © Brain Wrinkles

Political Parties in Canada’s Government © Brain Wrinkles

Legislature The Parliament of Canada is the country’s bicameral legislature. Senate (105 seats): members are appointed by the governor general with advice from the Prime Minister Members are not elected by the people; can serve until they are 75 years old 2. House of Commons (308 seats): members are directly elected by the people Members serve 5-year terms The largest political party in the House elects the Prime Minister. © Brain Wrinkles

Canadian Senate © Brain Wrinkles

Canadian House of Commons © Brain Wrinkles

Parliamentary Democracy Whichever political party has the most members in the legislature selects the prime minister. This is the major difference between a Presidential Democracy and a Parliamentary Democracy! Parliamentary Democracy – legislature (Parliament) chooses Head of Government (Executive Leader) Citizens vote for members of Parliament, and then members choose the prime minister. © Brain Wrinkles

Parliamentary Democracy In Canada, the prime minister and his cabinet are members of the legislature, and they must answer to the legislature. The government will stay in office for a specified period unless the prime minister loses support of the majority in the legislature on an important vote. If that happens, the prime minister must resign and a new one is chosen immediately. © Brain Wrinkles

Role of the Citizen Citizens must be 18 to vote, but voting is not required by law. As a democracy, Canada’s citizens can participate in voting and elections. The citizens vote for members of the Parliament, who then elects the prime minister. © Brain Wrinkles

Role of the Citizen Canada’s constitution guarantees citizens many personal rights and freedoms, much like what we have in the United States. Some examples include equal rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and right to a fair trial. © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: Government Chart Print off the Government chart for each student. The students will complete the chart after discussing the presentation. Check the answers as a class to be sure that all charts are completed correctly.   © Brain Wrinkles

Constitutional Monarchy Canada’s Government Directions: Complete the chart below after discussing the presentation. Background Distribution of Power Constitutional Monarchy Type of Government Executive Branch How are Leaders Chosen? Legislative Branch Role of the Citizen © Brain Wrinkles

Canada’s Government KEY Constitutional Monarchy Directions: Complete the chart below after discussing the presentation. Background Canada broke away from Great Britain’s constitution when it established its own in 1982; still has ties to British government Distribution of Power Federal system Constitutional Monarchy Canada has its own constitution but British monarch is still Head of State (little political power, mostly ceremonial) Type of Government Parliamentary Democracy Executive Branch Head of State = Monarch of Great Britain Governor General = stands in for Monarch Prime Minister – most political power How are Leaders Chosen? Monarch – hereditary Governor-general – appointed by monarch for 5-year term Prime Minister – leader of the majority party in the House of Commons, not directly elected by the citizens Legislative Branch Parliament (bicameral legislature) – Senate and House of Commons (elects prime ministers) Role of the Citizen Can vote at 18, not required by law Constitution outlines many personal freedoms and rights (similar to US) © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: Cookin’ Up Canada’s Government (Recipe) Print off the Cookin’ Up Canada’s Government handout for each student. Have the students write a “recipe” for Canada’s government (include several ingredients that were used to form the government). Next, they will write out the special cooking instructions for bringing the ingredients together. © Brain Wrinkles

Cookin’ Up Canada’s Government Directions: Write a “recipe” for Canada’s government. Include several ingredients that were used to form the government. Also, write out the special cooking instructions for bringing the ingredients together. Ingredients: - Instructions: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © Brain Wrinkles Cookin’ Up Canada’s Government

TEACHER INFO: Commemorative Can Print off the Create A Can handout for each student. The students will design a soda can to represent the foundations of Canada’s government. The can should include symbols & words to represent Canada’s government. In the textbox, the students will describe what the different symbols on the can represent and how they are important to Canada’s government. © Brain Wrinkles

Can-ada’s Government Can Description: Directions: Design a soda can to represent the foundations of Canada’s government. The can should include symbols and words to represent Canada’s government. In the textbox, describe what the symbols mean and how they are important to Canada’s government. Can Description: © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: True/False Review Print off the cards on the following page (or have students quickly make their own on scrap paper). Project the True/False statements and have the students hold up the correct end of the card. After you scan to see the students’ answers, display the Answer slide. © Brain Wrinkles

TRUE FALSE © Brain Wrinkles TRUE FALSE © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? In a democracy, citizens play an important role because they are able to vote for leaders. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: True © Brain Wrinkles

Canada has a presidential democracy. True or False? Canada has a presidential democracy. © Brain Wrinkles

False – Parliamentary Democracy ANSWER: False – Parliamentary Democracy © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? In a unitary system, power is shared between the central government and regional/local authorities. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: False - Federal © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? Although Canadians adopted their own constitution in 1982, they still have ties with the British government. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: True © Brain Wrinkles

Citizens do not directly vote for the prime minister in Canada. True or False? Citizens do not directly vote for the prime minister in Canada. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: True © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? In a democracy, a ruler has absolute power and the citizens do not possess the right to choose their own leaders. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: False - Autocracy © Brain Wrinkles

Both Canada and Russia have federal systems of government. True or False? Both Canada and Russia have federal systems of government. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: True © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? Canadian citizens have many personal freedoms guaranteed to them in their constitution. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: True © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? In a presidential democracy, citizens vote for members of the legislature and the members select the country’s leader. © Brain Wrinkles

False – Parliamentary Democracy ANSWER: False – Parliamentary Democracy © Brain Wrinkles

True or False? The head of Canada’s government (person with the most political power) is the governor-general. © Brain Wrinkles

ANSWER: False – Prime Minister © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: TICKET OUT THE DOOR Print off the Ticket Out the Door for each student (two-per-page). Have the students give Canada a grade based on its government. In the comments section, explain why they chose the grade/effort and what things the country can do to improve. © Brain Wrinkles

Report Card Report Card Name: Name: Report Card Report Card You are the teacher! Give Canada a grade based on its government. In the comments section, explain why you chose the grade/effort and what things the country can do to improve. You are the teacher! Give Canada a grade based on its government. In the comments section, explain why you chose the grade/effort and what things the country can do to improve. Name: Canada Name: Canada Grade: Effort: Comments Grade: Effort: Comments © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles

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