Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc. Chapter 9 Culture of Ethnicity Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc. Culture Socially transmitted knowledge of values, beliefs, norms, and lifeways of a particular group that guides their thoughts and behaviors—Leininger and colleagues Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Visible and Invisible Components Visible—easily seen Clothing, jewelry, charms, hairstyles Invisible—less observable Value belief system that drives visible practices Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc. Cultural Processes Enculturation Acculturation Assimilation Biculturalism Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Transcultural Nursing Comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups—Leininger Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc. Cultural Competence Cultural awareness Cultural knowledge Cultural skills Cultural encounters Cultural desire Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Cultural and Life Transitions Pregnancy Childbirth Newborn care Postpartum Grief and loss Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc. Cultural Assessment Cultural identity/ethnohistory Biocultural history Social organization Socioeconomic status Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Cultural Assessment (cont.) Language and communication Religion and spirituality Caring beliefs and practices Experience with health care system Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.

Nursing Decision and Action Modes Cultural care preservation or maintenance Cultural care accommodation or negotiation Cultural care repatterning or restructuring Mosby items and derived items © 2005 by Mosby, Inc.