Chapter 12 Section 3 Allison Bruce, Emalia Guenther, Jason Burkert, Reigen Dzama, Peter Bartley, Friday Elder, Sydney Elder

The Rebellion Sepoy - an Indian soldier serving under British or other European orders A rumor spread that new rifles were greased with pig and cow fat Sepoy refused to touch them due to their cultural beliefs Sepoy were charged with mutiny, imprisoned, and publically humiliated. Sepoy troops in Meerut at went on a rampage and slaughtered 50 men, women, and children. After a year, the British and loyal Indian soldiers ended the rebellion British were outnumbered 230,000 to 45,000 Sepoy were not well organized British had their revenge in Kanpur, where Indians massacred 200 innocent British women and children

Indian Rebellion to British Raj Sepoy Mutiny marked the first attempt to throw off British Raj (rule) Failed rebellion fueled Indian nationalism In response to rebellion, British Parliament transferred powers of East India Company to British government British Queen Victoria titled “Empress of India” Indians were colonial subjects, and India her crowned jewel British government began to rule India directly

The British Rule There was a new school system using the English Langue Created by Lord Thomas Macaulay (British administrator and Historian) Only Elite, Upper Class Indian children could go to school 90% was uneducated and illederate British hired Indians to build roads, universities, canals, and medical centers 1900- The first railroad Sanitation and health conditions improved

The Cost of British Rule Economically mostly British entrepreneurs and a small amount of Indians reaped financial benefits In result lots of hard ship to millions British manufactures destroyed many industries = Lost work for people British textiles put thousands of women out of work and severely damaged the Indian textile industry

The Cost of British Rule Cont. Zamindars – local officials or India during British rule Collected the taxes from peasants British Rule thought it would be easier if local officials collected taxes They abused their powers and raised taxes Many peasants lost their land British rule convinced farmers to grow cotton instead of food 30 million Indians died from starvation Population growth > food supply = lots of deaths

Indian Nationalists All were upper-class and English-educated Many were from the urban areas Most were trained in British law and were also members of the civil service Almost all preferred reform to revolution Many were convinced that relying on British goodwill was futile

Mohandas Ganhi Studied in London to become a lawyer He worked in a law firm serving Indian workers in South Africa Soon after moving he realized how extreme the rebellion has become after learning about a radical exploitation of Indians living in South America. When he returned he became active in the independence movement. He lead a non-violence risistance He tried to force the british to improve the lot of the poor and grant India independence

Road to rebellion British ignorance towards Indian culture Disrespect towards sacred locations such as taj mahal Taj mahal turned into party palace instead of sacred burial ground Bullets being greased with pig and cow grease Forcing Indians to work on British interests for little to no pay

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