Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions Ch 7 Section 2

An Organelle Is: A minute structure within a plant or animal cell that has a particular job or function. “little organs”

What are some functions that occur within a cell? Digestion Excretion Transportation of cell’s products Storage Protection Division Mobility Respiration or Photosynthesis

Organelles found only in Plants: Cell Walls Cellulose Chloroplasts

Plant Cell Cellulose = carbohydrate found in cell walls, helps give more strength Cell Wall= forms rigid outer structure, made of cellulose (fiber) (like walls of your house)

Chloroplast= absorbs light, changes light energy into chemical energy(ATP) for photosynthesis = contain chlorophyll green pigment GREEN Sacks

Cell wall Chloroplast Large vacuole PLANT CELL

Found in both Plant and Animal Cells Organelles that surround cells for support: Cell Membrane= Semi-permeable, controls what enters and leaves the cell, outer containment envelope. Cytoskeleton = gives structure to a cell

Nucleus Cell Membrane ANIMAL PLANT

Nucleus (boss/government) Control center for plant and animal cells: This organelle controls cell activities and reproduction

Nucleus Nucleolus= “little nucleus” Animal Cell

Control center for plant and animal cells: Nucleus = control center for activities & reproduction, DNA & chromosomes housed here. Nucleolus = contains and makes RNA

Control center for plant and animal cells: Chromosome (laws/rules)= coiled DNA: contains instruc-tions for char-acteristics of an organism. Chromatin = protein composing (making up) chromosomes

Red Blood Cells have no: nucleus

Control center for plant and animal cells: Nuclear membrane = protects and controls what goes in and out of the nucleus (notice the nuclear pores in this picture of a nucleus)

Endoplasmic Reticulum The cells inner highway system around the nucleus. There are many “pit-stops” along the way in the form of ribosomes which produce proteins.

Endoplasmic Reticulum “Rough” with Ribosomes for protein synthesis “Smooth” = Membrane “highway” For transport of materials

Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes= Site of Protein Synthesis (making) on the E.R. Free ribosomes make proteins that stay in the cell. Bound ribosomes make proteins that get sent out of the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum ROUND Ribosomes

Cytoplasm:or cytosol, = gel surrounds the organelles, contains enzymes

Golgi Bodies (aka Golgi Apparatus): where cell products are modified and packaged in vesicles for export from the cell. “Sacks” for making & storing Secretions (like UPS)

Vacuole = storage for food and water Why are plant vacuoles larger than animal vacuoles?

Do you see 2 Contractile vacuoles Some Animal cell vacuoles pump water out by contracting: Do you see 2 Contractile vacuoles in this Paramecium?

Lysosome: Contains digestive enzymes breaks down large molecules and wastes (the cleaner/janitor)

The power house (power plant)of the cell: The mighty: Mitochondria = site where energy is released from glucose in the form of: ATP Sounds like DTE energy

Cilia and Flagella Hair-like organelles used for movement.