Earth Materials.

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Presentation transcript:

Earth Materials

Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid that has a definite chemical composition

Naturally Occurring Formed in nature and not by people

Inorganic Is not made from or composed of life forms

Crystalline Has a specific arrangement of atoms

IAOA The Internal Arrangement Of the Atoms specify the physical and chemical properties of a mineral

What 2 elements make up most of Earth’s Crust?

SILICON and OXYGEN

Silicon and Oxygen combing to form…. Silicates (SiO4)

They also form a very SPECIFIC STRUCTURE Silicates They also form a very SPECIFIC STRUCTURE

Silicon-oxygen tetrahedra are the basic building blocks for silicate minerals

How can we identify a mineral? PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

COLOR VERY POOR indicator because the SAME mineral can be the DIFFERENT colors

COLOR

VERY POOR indicator because DIFFERENT mineral can be the SAME colors

GOLD PYRITE

STREAK The powder form of a mineral Much more reliable than color

LUSTER How LIGHT reflects off a minerals Examples: Glassy, Metallic, Non-Metallic

Cleavage the mineral breaks in a predictable pattern because of its arrangement of atoms

CLEAVAGE

The minerals breaks randomly FRACTURE The minerals breaks randomly

HARDNESS RESISTANCE to being scratched Not the same as breaking For example: You can easily break glass with steel, but steel WILL NOT scratch glass

HARDNESS MOHS SCALE