Nationalism & Sectionalism Explain how patriotic pride united the states and describe the tension between the North and the South that emerged. Midwest Farms Farming New England Factories Manufacturing/Clothes Southern Plantations Cotton

[The Northeastern section of the U [The Northeastern section of the U.S was the most urban and industrialized section in the 1800’s.] True False

[The Southern section of the U. S [The Southern section of the U.S. had a mostly rural economy which produced cash crops without using slaves.] True False

[The western section of the U. S [The western section of the U.S. was mostly a rural economy that produced grain by using slave labor.] True False

American System Henry Clay’s plan to increase nationalism * Congress should pass a protective tariff * Congress should recreate Hamilton’s National Bank. * Congress should use tax money to build roads & canals

[The American System was intended to ensure nationalism.] True False

Connected Maryland to Illinois The National Road Connected Maryland to Illinois

Connected New York City to The Great Lakes Erie Canal 1823 Connected New York City to The Great Lakes

Steam Powered Railroads Improved Transportation

[Improved transportation lowered the cost of industrial and agricultural products] True False

[Henry Clay’s American System included all of the following except…] [National Bank] [tariff to raise tax dollars] [ending slavery] [better transportation : roads and canals]

? “Era Of Good Feelings” Presidential Election of 1826 Nobody else ran for president James Monroe This is called the Era of Good Feelings b/c there was only one political party. Therefore they all got along. It would be like if today we only had the Democrats or the Republicans!

Era of Good Feelings President Monroe elected president with nobody running against him This was a time of national unity which encouraged nationalism not sectionalism America was proud of its farms, factories, new roads, and canals

[Today in America we have a “second” Era of Good Feelings.] True False

THE SUPREME COURT & NATIONALISM Marbury v. Madison (1803) judicial review Fletcher v. Peck (1810) Constitution forbids state laws “impairing” contracts Dartmouth v. Woodward (Dartmouth College Case) (1819) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Elastic (“necessary & proper”) clause Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) “Steamboat Case” Commerce Clause Old Supreme Court Chamber http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail122.html

We get Florida from Spain in part because of Andrew Jackson. Adams Onis Treaty We add Florida to the United States in 1819 We get Florida from Spain in part because of Andrew Jackson.

[Adding Florida to the United States increased sectionalism.] True False

Sectionalism Grows over the Slavery Issue The balance of power was equal between slave and free states in the Senate 11 slave states 11 free states

Missouri Upsets the Balance! Should I be a free state or a slave state? Either way I will upset the balance!

Missouri Compromise Solves the Problem …temporarily  Maine Free state Future Free States Missouri becomes a slave state Future Slave States Future states would join in pairs to keep the number of slave and free states equal.

[What kind of state did Missouri become in the Missouri Compromise?] [Free] [Slave]

[In the Missouri Compromise states had to join in pairs (one slave and one free) after 1820.] True False

Europe must stay out of North and South America Monroe Doctrine Europe must stay out of North and South America

[The Monroe Doctrine told European powers like Spain, France and Britain to stay out of the business of the Western Hemisphere.] True False

Transportation Improvements Erie Canal National Road Steam Railroads

Nationalism & Sectionalism Review! Henry Clay’s American System encouraged nationalism through the tariff, bank, and internal improvements (canals and roads) The tariff encouraged sectionalism when South Carolina threatened to secede b/c it believed the tariff was unfair ( Nullification Crisis 1832)

Missouri Compromise Missouri upsets the Senate balance by asking to join the Union Henry Clay the Missouri Compromise Missouri a slave state Maine a free state Future states join in pairs

Monroe Doctrine U.S. tries to keep Europe out of the affairs of North and South America

Adams Onis Treaty Adds Florida to the United States 1819 We get Florida from Spain