Positive Association of D Allele of ACE Gene With High Altitude Pulmonary Edema in Indian Population Shuchi Bhagi, MPhil, Swati Srivastava, PhD, Arvind.

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Positive Association of D Allele of ACE Gene With High Altitude Pulmonary Edema in Indian Population Shuchi Bhagi, MPhil, Swati Srivastava, PhD, Arvind Tomar, MSc, Shashi Bala Singh, PhD, Soma Sarkar, PhD Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Volume 26, Issue 2, Pages 124-132 (June 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2014.09.010 Copyright © 2015 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Arterial oxygen saturation compared with genotypic profile of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) I/D polymorphism in high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and acclimatized control subjects (rCON) groups. A steady decline in the arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) values is seen in the I/D and D/D genotypes in both groups compared with the I/I genotype. The decline is sharper in patients with HAPE. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2015 26, 124-132DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2014.09.010) Copyright © 2015 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 The graph shows the percent heterozygosity (expected heterozygosity – observed heterozygosity) for the high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and acclimatized control subjects (rCON) groups in all 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The renin gene (REN) (C–4063T) SNP shows the highest difference in heterozygosity for HAPE and rCON samples: HAPE samples for this SNP had a much lower observed heterozygosity than expected, as evident from the graph. Also, in the HAPE group the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) (M235T) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) (I/D) SNPs showed a lower observed heterozygosity than expected; however, the difference is not very prominent. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2015 26, 124-132DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2014.09.010) Copyright © 2015 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 The observed genotypic diversity for high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE; A) and acclimatized control subjects (rCON; B) is shown for the 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) under study. A noticeable difference occurs for the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) (I/D) SNP in homozygous recessives between HAPE patients and control subjects. AGT, angiotensinogen gene; REN, renin gene. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2015 26, 124-132DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2014.09.010) Copyright © 2015 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions