Roman Empire and Han Dynasty

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Presentation transcript:

Roman Empire and Han Dynasty A Short Comparison World History

Roman Empire

Han Dynasty

Characteristics Han China Well organized bureaucracy based upon Confucian ideas and education Roman Empire Well organized bureaucracy founded on Roman law and classical learning

Characteristics Roman Education Han Imperial Universities In Xi’an a university of Confucian study was founded. An exam was created to evaluate anyone who felt knowledgeable enough to take it and become a bureaucrat. Unfortunately, only the wealthy had time to study enough. Roman Education Founded on Greek Principles. Wanted strong, healthy, religious and responsible citizen. A free slave opened the first private school in ancient Rome.

Characteristics Han China Emphasis on Family ancestors: patriarchical Reliance on landed gentry Engineering accomplishments: roads, canals, the Great Wall Roman Empire Emphasis on family: pater familias Reliance on patricians Engineering accomplishments: roads, aqueducts, amphitheatres, domes, sewage systems, central heating

Characteristics Grand Canal Roman Roads

Characteristics Great Wall Roman Aqueduct

Characteristics Han China Religion: Confucianism, Daoism, native gods, intro to Buddhism Roman Empire Religion: Emperor as god, paganism, intro to Christianity Both Buddhism and Christianity are considered new superseding religions that reformed and surpassed a former religion with historical ties.

Decline of Han Dynasty Infighting among ruling elites Inequitable distribution of land - tax burden fell on peasants rather than on large landowners Series of peasant rebellions Yellow Turban Rebellion: Wore yellow scarves on heads, Taoists angry with landowning elite. Generals usurp political power - become warlords

Decline of Han Dynasty 220 CE generals divide empire into three kingdoms. Emigration of nomadic peoples into N. China kept country disunited

Decline of Roman Empire Internal opposition - barrack emperors Difficulties in administering vast empire creates rivalries and divisions of authority Eastern and Western Empire - capital moved to Constantinople

Decline of Roman Empire Germanic invasions by Vandals, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths 476 Odacer deposes final Western Roman Emperor Eastern Roman Empire becomes Byzantine Empire - lasts another 1000 years

Shared Characteristics Decline in Morals and Values Decline in those values that have upheld this particular society together Public Health and Urban Decay Political Corruption Unemployment and Inflation Inferior technology Military Spending

Evaluate… What factors allowed them to last over 400 years? Are there any lessons we can take from their rise, rule, and fall?