MOUNTAINS

Mountains Mt. Everest ( 29, 035 ft. or 8, 850 m ) Is the tallest mountain in the world…..

What is a Mountain? A large mass of rock or landform that rises a great distance above its base (about 300 meters)

Where do mountains form? Generally, along convergent plate boundaries: (Collision)

How do mountains form? Mountains form from rocks that have been permanently deformed under stress.

What is the Tallest Mountain in the United States?  Mount McKinley, Alaska with an elevation of 20, 320 feet or 6194 meters

3 Types of mountains: Folded Mountains Dome Mountains Fault-block Mountains

EX. Appalachian Mountains 1) Folded Mountains  formed by the folding of rock layers during plate collisions EX. Appalachian Mountains

The Folding Process

Folded Mountains

Types of folds in Rock Anticline  Upward fold Syncline  Downward fold

Where is the Anticline?

2) Dome Mountain EX. Adirondack Mountains  a circular folded mountain, Formed by UPLIFT EX. Adirondack Mountains

Dome Mountain

3) Fault-Block Mountains  formed when normal faults uplift a block of rock EX. Sierra Nevada Mountains

Fault-Block Mountains

Movement can occur in several directions in Fault-Block Mountains

Fault-Block Mountains Teton Mountain Range, Wyoming

 A normal fault occurs when the hanging wall moves down (Divergent Boundaries release tension and rocks slide down)  A reverse fault occurs when the hanging wall moves up (Convergent Boundaries push rocks up and over)

How is a thrust fault formed? A thrust fault is formed when compressive stresses act over great distances. A thrust fault is a reverse fault in which the fault plane dips 45 degrees or less from the horizontal.

What type of fault occurs when rock on opposite sides of a fault plane move horizontally past each other?  A Strike-slip Fault

How do Horsts and Grabens differ? Horsts are large blocks of crust that have been thrust upward between faults… Grabens are large blocks of crust that have dropped down between faults…

Identify the Fault types:

There are also underwater mountains: Seamounts Ships use SONAR to make 3-D images of underwater features

SOL Review: What do circles on a topographic map indicate?