Feudalism in Europe The “Middle” Ages.

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Presentation transcript:

Feudalism in Europe The “Middle” Ages

Feudalism Political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

The Middle Ages or Medieval Period ( 500 CE -1500 CE.) Rise of New Kingdoms/States that are not united New Kingdoms are unable to protect themselves from Barbarian Invasions, causing a need for localized Protection Barbarian Invasions cause the Fall of the Western Roman Empire The Rise of Feudalism in Europe

Feudalism Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands

Fiefs Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs Fiefs (land) given to vassals (the King’s subjects) in return for loyalty and military support All nobles were vassals to the King

KNIGHTS Knights Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands Given land for their services Chivalry Code of ethics followed by knights Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

Knight’s Feudal Obligations Knights Obligation to Lord Lord’s Obligation to Knights Provide military service Remain loyal and faithful Give money on special occasions Give Land Protect from attack Resolve disputes between knights

Peasants and Serfs Serfs Peasants who lived and worked on the lord’s manor Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work Lords were required to protect the serfs

Life of Serfs The Harshness of Manor Life Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest Tithe—a church tax—is equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds Worked long hours raising crops, livestock; feeding and clothing family Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan

Manorial System An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors Included a village and the land surrounding it

Manorial System Manors were self sufficient Most things needed for daily life were produced on the manor

The Plague Wipes out 1/3rd of Europe’s population Comes from fleas on rats brought by the Mongols Makes peasants and their labor very valuable Breaks apart the feudal system