Submission Title: [Chirp Signaling UWB scheme] 2018/9/21 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/0013r0 May 18, 2005 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Chirp Signaling UWB scheme] Date Submitted: [January 2005] Source: [Huan-Bang Li(1), Kenichi Takizawa(1), Shigenobu Sasaki(1), Shinsuke Hara(1), Makoto Itami(1), Tetsushi Ikegami(1), Ryuji Kohno(1), Toshiaki Sakane(2), Kiyohito Tokuda(3)] Company [(1)National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), (2)Fujitsu Limited, (3)Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd.] E-Mail: ［lee@nict.go.jp] Re: [Optional mode on TG4a UWB-PHY baseline] Abstract [This document describes chirp-signal UWB(CS-UWB), which is one of the optional mode on the UWB-PHY baseline for TG4a. ] Purpose: [Providing technical contributions for standardization by IEEE 802.15.4a. ] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT Realtek

Chirp Signaling UWB Scheme 2018/9/21 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/0013r0 May 18, 2005 Chirp Signaling UWB Scheme Huan-Bang Li, Kenichi Takizawa, Shigenobu Sasaki, Shinsuke Hara, Makoto Itami, Tetsushi Ikegami, and Ryuji Kohno National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan Toshiaki Sakane Fujitsu Limited, Kiyohito Tokuda Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd. Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT Realtek

Outlines Introduction of chirp signaling UWB. Technical advantages May 18, 2005 Outlines Introduction of chirp signaling UWB. Technical advantages Link budget examples Performance examples on SOP Concluding remarks Reference: 15-04-0648-02-004a 15-04-0716-01-004a Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Benefits of chirp signaling (CS) UWB May 18, 2005 Benefits of chirp signaling (CS) UWB Additional dimension for SOP Chirp slop and/or chirp pattern Available to be combined with DS-code and/or frequency subbands Low Peak-to-average ratio Efficient use of FCC spectrum mask Less interference level, better coexistence. Enhancement of robustness against multipath Better autocorrelation than DS-UWB. Potential ability to increase ranging precision Benefit from excellent autocorrelation Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Generation of CS-UWB DDL May 18, 2005 Generation of CS-UWB CS-UWB can be generated by passing a pulse signal through a distributed delay line（DDL） such as a SAW DDL. Frequency DDL Time Amplitude Amplitude Time Pulse signal Frequency Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Correlated processing May 18, 2005 Correlated processing Correlated processing produces not only high precision ranging but also robustness against noise and multipath. Correlated processing Correlator output B: 3-dB bandwidth of chirp T: time interval of chirp Time shift[s] The wide the bandwidth, the sharp the peak. Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Correlation characteristics May 18, 2005 Correlation characteristics DS-UWB Chirp Signal Auto-correlation Cross-correlation Auto-correlation Cross-correlation Cross-correlation Cross-correlation Cross-correlation Cross-correlation Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Cross correlation coefficient May 18, 2005 Cross correlation coefficient DS-UWB CS-UWB Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Robustness against multipath and interference May 18, 2005 Robustness against multipath and interference DDL channel Due to the excellent correlation characteristics, correlator can detect a signal even under heavy multipath and interference channel. Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Overall Block Diagram With Optional CS May 18, 2005 Overall Block Diagram With Optional CS Transmitter Comm.data BW = 500MHz or 2GHz Coding & modulation Spreading Pulse shaping CHIRP GA Ranging data Local oscillator Receiver Pre-Select Filter LPF GA 1 or 2-bit ADC Decision/ FEC decoder Comm.data LNA De- CHIRP LPF GA 1 or 2-bit ADC Ranging data I Local oscillator Ranging processing Sync. Peak detection Q Time base Calculation Additional circuits to DS-UWB as an option Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Waveforms With & Without Optional CS May 18, 2005 Waveforms With & Without Optional CS Gaussian pulse Gaussian pulse Gaussian pulse Gaussian pulse Gaussian pulse time Coding & modulation Spreading Pulse shaping CHIRP GA Local oscillator time linear-chirp Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

DS-UWB Link Budget (BW=500MHz) May 18, 2005 DS-UWB Link Budget (BW=500MHz) Parameter Value Unit Distance (d) 30 10 m Peak payload bit rate (Rb) 1 1024 kbps Average Tx power (Pt) -16.9 dBm Tx antenna gain (Gt) dBi Frequency band 3.85 - 4.35 GHz Geometric center frequency (fc) 4.09 Path loss @ 1m (L1) 44.68 dB Path loss @ d m (Ld) 29.54 20.00 Rx antenna gain (Gr) Rx power (Pr) -91.12 -81.58 Average noise power per bit (N) -144.00 -114.00 Rx Noise figure (Nf) 7.00 Average noise power per bit (Pn) -137.00 -106.90 Minimum required Eb/N0 (S) 6.25 Implementation loss (I) 3.00 Link Margin 36.63 16.07 Min. Rx Sensitivity Level -127.75 -97.65 Parameter Value Notes Data rate (Rb) 1 1024 (kbps) Modulation BPSK Coherent detection Coding rate (R) 1/2 (24,12)-Extended Golay Hard-decision decoding Raw Symbol rate (Rs) 2 2048 Rs=Rb/R (ksymbol/s) Pulse duration (Tp) 2.649 (ns) Spreading code length (Ns) 64 Chip rate (Rc) 2.048 131.072 =Rs*Ns (MHz) Chip duration 488.3 7.63 =1/Rc (nsec) Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

CS-UWB Link Budget (BW=500MHz) May 18, 2005 CS-UWB Link Budget (BW=500MHz) Parameter Value Unit Distance (d) 30 10 m Peak payload bit rate (Rb) 1 1024 kbps Average Tx power (Pt) -15.38 dBm Tx antenna gain (Gt) dBi Frequency band 3.85 – 4.35 GHz Geometric center frequency (fc) 4.09 Path loss @ 1m (L1) 44.68 dB Path loss @ d m (Ld) 29.54 20.00 Rx antenna gain (Gr) Rx power (Pr) -89.60 -80.06 Average noise power per bit (N) -144.00 -114.0 Rx Noise figure (Nf) 7.00 Average noise power per bit (Pn) -137.00 -106.90 Minimum required Eb/N0 (S) 6.25 Implementation loss (I) 3.50 Link Margin 37.65 17.09 Min. Rx Sensitivity Level -127.25 -97.15 Parameter Value Notes Data rate (Rb) 1 1024 (kbps) Modulation BPSK Coherent detection Coding rate (R) 1/2 (24,12)-Extended Golay Hard-decision decoding Raw Symbol rate (Rs) 2 2048 Rs=Rb/R (ksymbol/s) Chirp signal duration (Tc) 25 (ns) Spreading code length (Ns) 4 Chip rate (Rc) 2.048 8.192 =Rs*Ns (MHz) Chip duration 488.3 122.1 =1/Rc (nsec) The items given in red characters have different values from those of DS Due to the low peak-to-average ratio, CS-UWB provides 1 dB additional link margins. Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Simulation results (Single link) May 18, 2005 Simulation results (Single link) 1.0 10-1 10-2 10-3 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Eb/N0 [dB] PER One Packet includes 32 bytes. CS-UWB BW=2GHz DS-UWB BW=2GHz CS-UWB BW=500MHz DS-UWB BW=500MHz Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Multiple Access Methods For SOP May 18, 2005 Multiple Access Methods For SOP FDM (frequency subbands) Number is limited. CDM (different code sequences) Possible codes reduced if we seek short length codes. Chirped pulses (in option): Plenty of source ! (chirp slope and pattern) Better performance than CDM ! Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Simulation block diagram for SOP May 18, 2005 Simulation block diagram for SOP Desired transmitter Pc Channel Pi Undesired transmitter A Channel Receiver Devices of Other piconets Undesired transmitter B Pi Channel Undesired transmitter C Pi Channel Devices in the same piconet Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Simulation results for SOP May 18, 2005 Simulation results for SOP Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Scalability With PN Sequences May 18, 2005 Data rate (Rb) Raw Symbol rate (Rs) Code length (Ns) Chip rate (Rp) Link margin Notes at 10m 16 (kbps) 32 (ksps) 1024 32.768 (Mcps) 40.8 (dB) 32 (kbps) 64 (ksps) 65.536 (Mcps) 37.8 (dB) 128 (kbps) 256 (ksps) 256 31.8 (dB) 256 (kbps) 512 (ksps) 131.072(Mcps) 28.7 (dB) 1024 (kbps) 2048 (ksps) 64 22.7 (dB) CS-UWB 16 2.048 (Mcps) 41.9 (dB) 100 (ns) chirp duration 128 4.096 (Mcps) 32.9 (dB) 100 (ns) chirp duration 4 8.192 (Mcps) 23.8 (dB) 100 (ns) chirp duration Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT

Conclusion remarks High capacity for SOP Plenty of source with chirp May 18, 2005 Conclusion remarks High capacity for SOP Plenty of source with chirp Combination with FDM and/or CDM Additional link margins Low peak-to-average ratio. Robustness against interference and multipath Excellent correlation characteristics Potential high precision ranging. An selectivity for FFD and RFD Chirp vs. Non chirp Li, Takizawa, Sasaki, Hara, Itami, Ikegami, Kohno, NICT