NEW UNIT: Elements and the Periodic Table Can you find the periodic table in this room? What do you already know? 6.1: A Table of the Elements Now let’s learn a bit more about this....
Elements The periodic table is a table of elements ELEMENT: a pure substance that cannot be broken down Think of a block of Lego.... (bring a block of lego!!!!) You cannot break the one piece of Lego into anything simpler than it already is You also cannot break an ELEMENT into anything simpler, no matter what physical or chemical means you try They are the building blocks of all substances
Element Symbol How do we represent an element on the periodic table? ELEMENT SYMBOL: an abbreviation for a chemical element Example: look at the first element... Hydrogen is abbreviated as “H”
Compounds These are not on the periodic table COMPOUND: a pure substance made up of two or more different elements The elements are chemically joined Example: Water! Water is not on the periodic table It is made up of hydrogen and oxygen, so is a compound of these elements Think of 2 or more Lego blocks put together...you can take them apart Can only combine certain elements
Metals Some elements are metallic, some are not METAL: a lustrous, malleable, ductile element that conducts heat and electricity Lustrous= shiny Malleable= flexible Ductile= can moulded or shaped (into wire) Generally on left and center of periodic table! Examples: pots and pans (easy to shape, heat up), gold, silver (decorative, jewellery), copper (electrical wires)
Non-metals NON-METAL: element that does not conduct heat or electricity Usually a gas or dull, powdery solid Dull, brittle, shatters if pounded or stretched, and poor conductors of heat and electricity Found in upper right portion of periodic table The line on the periodic that looks like a staircase separates the metals and non- metals...can you find it? Examples: oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen (gases), charcoal brick (made of carbon)
Metalloids Elements that are located along the staircase line we just found METALLOID: an element that has properties of metals and non-metals
Let’s see if we understand Try these questions for homework: Pg. 215 # 3, 4, 5 It’s time for an experiment!!! Can you be a metal detective? Let’s see!