US Emerges as a world Power 4.7

America Comes of Age (1890-1920) Lesson 7 The United States Emerges as a World Power Learning Objectives Analyze how economic concerns influenced the Open Door Policy and U.S. relations with Japan. Examine what happened to Puerto Rico and Cuba after the Spanish-American War. Analyze the effects of Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy and Taft’s “dollar diplomacy.” Compare Wilson’s “moral diplomacy” with the foreign policies of his predecessors. Key Terms Foraker Act Platt Amendment “big stick” diplomacy Panama Canal Roosevelt Corollary “dollar diplomacy.” “moral diplomacy” Francisco “Pancho” Villa spheres of influence John Hay Boxer Rebellion Open Door Policy Russo-Japanese War “Gentlemen’s Agreement” Great White Fleet

US Relations with China Spheres of Influence – Sphere or area that a country has privileged access to ports and markets Britain, France, Germany and Russia carve up China Japan – China + Korea. America left out… limited America’s trade/foreign investment US Sec. of State John Hay – demanded equal access to trade w/China Boxer Rebellion – Chinese join rebellious groups against “foreign devils” – “Boxers” Martial Arts, celebrated Chinese traditions, criticized western ideals, condemned Christians May 1900 – “Boxers” kill foreign missionaries Multinational force of 20,000 puts down the Boxer Rebellion Chinese nationalists force the emperor out in 1911 Open Door Policy – equal privilege and free trade with China No colonies – only free trade US economy boosts because of trade with China

U.S. Trade and Intervention in China Analyze Maps What can you conclude about the influence of the United States in China during the early twentieth century?

Visual of US Imports & Exports http://427mt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/us-chinatradecomparison-2.jpg

Modern Trade with China

US – Japan Relations Japan looks to expand and Imperialize Korea + China Japan upset that Russia seized control of Manchuria Feb. 1904: Japan attacks Russia’s naval fleet in China and invades Manchuria Russo-Japanese War 1905: T. Roosevelt negotiates peace - TR wins Nobel Peace Prize to end Russo-Japanese War Anti-Asian sentiment grows in USA 1906: San Francisco bans Asian students from attending schools with Whites (Jim Grow Laws) Japan furious over racism Gentleman’s Agreement School board ends segregation = Japan agrees to limit emigrations to USA

Policy in Latin America Treaty of Paris – ended Spanish American War Gave US control over Cuba + Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Foraker Act – establishes civil government in Puerto Rico Puerto Ricans still do no enjoy same rights as US Citizens Cuba Teller Amendment – prevents USA from annexing Cuba Passed during the Spanish American War Platt Amendment – addition to the Cuban Constitution Restricts the rights of Cubans Makes Cuba a US “protectorate” Guantanamo Bay – US Military Base

American Foreign Policy in Latin America Analyze Maps Describe U.S. foreign policy towards Latin America in the early 1900s.

Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Diplomacy Roosevelt expand US influence abroad “Big Stick” Diplomacy – strong military power to achieve America’s goals “Speak softly and carry a big stick” use force when necessary – civilize weaker nations Roosevelt Corollary – US assumes the role of police in Latin America Reasserts the idea of the Monroe Doctrine (1823)

“Big Stick” Diplomacy Analyze Maps How did the construction of the Panama Canal benefit long-distance shippers?

“Big Stick” Diplomacy Analyze Information How did U.S. involvement in Latin American economies illustrate 'dollar diplomacy'?

Wilson's “Moral Diplomacy” Contrast How did Roosevelt and Wilson differ in their approach to governing colonial territories?

Revolution in Mexico Mexico’s Troubles American intervention lead to a series of toppled governments Very unstable Anti-Carranza movement started by Francisco “Pancho” Villa 1916: Raid a border town in New Mexico and kill 18 Americans President Wilson dispatches troops to hunt down Pancho Villa Chase lasted for several months – fail to capture leader Wilson withdraws troops – WWI on the horizon

Quiz: U.S. Trade and Intervention in China What motivated the Righteous and Harmonious Fists to begin the Boxer Rebellion? A. the growing influence of outsiders in China B. the lack of a Chinese sphere of influence in Britain C. American attempts to establish colonies in China D. the absence of trade with the West Why did Theodore Roosevelt receive a Nobel Peace Prize? A. for convincing China to adopt an Open Door Policy B. for reducing Japan’s anger via the Gentlemen’s Agreement C. for negotiating a peace treaty during the Russo-Japanese War D. for establishing Chinese territories for European trade markets

Quiz: American Foreign Policy in Latin America What happened as a result of the Foraker Act? A. Puerto Rico was officially annexed to the United States. B. The United States granted U.S. citizenship to all Puerto Ricans. C. Puerto Rico defended its right to establish its own government. D. The United States established a civil government in Puerto Rico. Quiz: “Big Stick” Diplomacy Why did the United States support the Panamanian rebellion against Columbia? A. It wanted to build a canal through Panama. B. It wanted access to raw materials in Panama. C. It wanted to divide Colombia for trade purposes. D. It wanted to weaken Colombia’s power in the region.

Quiz: Wilson's “Moral Diplomacy” Which foreign policy did President Wilson promise to employ for Latin America? A. “dollar diplomacy” B. “moral diplomacy” C. “big stick diplomacy” D. “open door diplomacy”