protozoans, algae, molds, and mildews Kingdom Protista protozoans, algae, molds, and mildews

Protozoans Heterotrophic Unicellular Animal-like (-zo-)

Phylum Rhizopoda Move by pseudopodia Example is Amoeba can cause dysentery

Phylum Zoomastigina Trichonympha pictured at right Has mutualistic relationship with termites that allows them to digest wood Note flagella

Phylum Zoomastigina Pictured at left is a sample of human blood infected with Trypanosoma protozoans Trypanosoma causes African sleeping sickness

Phylum Ciliophora Pictured at left is Paramecium note nucleus, oral groove and cilia

Phylum Sporozoa Parasitic Reproduce by spores Cause malaria in millions of people worldwide annually

Plasmodium

Malaria How common is malaria? The World Health Organization estimates that yearly 300-500 million cases of malaria occur and more than 1 million people die of malaria. About 1,200 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each year. Most cases in the United States are in immigrants and travelers returning from malaria-risk areas.

Malaria What are the signs and symptoms of malaria? Symptoms of malaria include fever and flu-like illness, including shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice (yellow coloring of the skin and eyes) because of the loss of red blood cells. Infection with one type of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, if not promptly treated, may cause kidney failure, seizures, mental confusion, coma, and death. How soon will a person feel sick after being bitten by an infected mosquito? For most people, symptoms begin 10 days to 4 weeks after infection, although a person may feel ill as early as 8 days or up to 1 year later. Two kinds of malaria, P. vivax and P. ovale, can relapse; some parasites can rest in the liver for several months up to 4 years after a person is bitten by an infected mosquito . When these parasites come out of hibernation and begin invading red blood cells, the person will become sick.

Malaria worldwide

The vector - Anopheles

Algae Through photosynthesis produce about 50% of the Earth’s oxygen. Most are autotrophic Important as base of many food chains

Phylum Euglenophyta Called euglenoids Unicellular Have flagellum

Euglenoids At right is Euglena note the single flagellum Usually photosynthetic, but when kept in darkness becomes heterotrophic

Phylum Bacillariophyta Called diatoms Shells made of silica Some have complex form

Diatoms

More diatoms

Had enough diatoms yet?

Phylum Dinoflagellata 2 flagella at right angles Mostly marine organisms Cause red tide

Dinoflagellates

More dinoflagellates

Phylum Rhodophyta Called red algae “seaweed” Red color allows it to live deeper in the ocean and absorb green and blue wavelengths of light

Red algae

Phylum Phaeophyta

Brown algae

Phylum Chlorophyta Green algae photosynthetic

Green algae

Slime molds

Downy Mildew

Phytophthera infestans Mildew that caused the Irish Potato Famine Infects roots, tubers and leaves of potato plants (and other plants)