Civil Rights Movement Civil rights: right to vote, right to equal treatment, right to speak out
Civil War Fought against slavery At end of Civil War: 13th Amendment: slavery illegal 14th Amendment: equal protection 15th Amendment: rights to citizens, regardless of race
Jim Crow Laws State laws that enforced racial segregation in all public facilities in the Southern United States. Issued after Reconstruction. Enforced until 1965 (Hmmm… what do you notice about that date???) “Separate but equal” … I don’t think so!
Jim Crow Laws BrainPop: Jim Crow Laws https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/jimcrow/
Life in 1950s Segregation: separation of people with different races or ethnic backgrounds Segregation in… Schools Buses Bathrooms Restaurants https://www.nps.gov/malu/learn/education/jim_crow_laws.htm
Effects? What do you think were some effects of segregation in the South?
Brown v. Board of Education Segregation of schools Education wasn’t as good at the segregated schools Linda Brown, a 3rd grader, lived in Topeka, Kansas Case went to Supreme Court Desegregation was ordered in all public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education BrainPop: Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/brownvsboardofeducationoftopeka/
Montgomery Bus Boycott Montgomery, Alabama Rosa Parks, a 42 year old woman, just finished working at a department store She paid her fare, and sat down in the “black section” of the bus After the “white only” section filled, she was ordered to give her seat to a white person…and she refused She was arrested, and people were so upset, they boycotted the buses for over a year!
Montgomery Bus Boycott Martin Luther King Jr. helped lead the boycott Non-violent It worked! In 1956, The Supreme Court ruled that segregation on buses was illegal.
That’s all for today!!!
March on Washington Wanted support for a new bill to end segregation. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave “I Have a Dream” speech
March on Washington “Civil Rights Movement: March on Washington” (Safari) http://safari.fultonschools.org/SAFARI/montage/play.php?from=play&keyindex=106075&location=local&filetypeid=65
Gains and Losses Civil Rights Act of 1964– banned segregation in schools, workplaces, and public places such as restaurants and theaters Voting Rights Act in 1965—made it illegal to prevent or hinder citizens from voting because of their racial or ethnic background (no poll taxes, no literacy tests)
Gains and Losses (cont’d.) Sadly, Martin Luther King Jr was assassinated in 1968 MLK Jr’s work encouraged Mexican American and Women’s groups to fight for equal rights as well
That’s all for today!!!
Who was Thurgood Marshall? Lawyer and 1st African-American Supreme Court Justice Lawyer in the Brown v. Board of Education case Became judge and then nominated for Supreme Court by President Johnson
Who was Rosa Parks? Seamstress turned Civil Rights activist Started the Montgomery Bus Boycott Won the Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Who was MLK Jr.? Civil Rights leader famous for “I Have a Dream” speech Led Montgomery Bus Boycott Organized March on Washington Helped pass the Civil Rights Act Assassinated on April 4, 1968 on the balcony of his hotel.
Who were the presidents during the Civil Rights movement? John F. Kennedy (1961-1963) Helped create the Civil Rights Bill Assassinated on November 22, 1963 Lyndon B. Johnson took over. Signed the bill into law on July 2, 1964.
Who was Cesar Chavez? Civil Rights leader who founded the National Farm Workers Association Influenced by MLK Jr Wanted to help migrant field workers in California who worked long hours with poor working conditions Used peaceful protests to strike against grape farmers
That’s all for today!!!