The Emerging Role of Standards in BPL’s Development Cycle Bruce Renz, Principal Technical Architect June 7, IEEE Denver www.amperion.com

Agenda Introduction Amperion’s Approach to BPL 9/21/2018 Agenda Introduction Amperion’s Approach to BPL The BPL-Enabled Power Grid Electrical Noise Vs. BPL Performance PES Standards Focus: Safety and Reliability

Broadband Over Powerlines: An Opportunity to be Seized 9/21/2018 Broadband Over Powerlines: An Opportunity to be Seized World’s most pervasive infrastructure More than 4 Billion Customers - that’s ALL users of data Cost effective way to reach customers Will reach customers that have no opportunity to receive broadband in any other way. Enables utility to generate revenue and save money in operating efficiencies/better reliability Broadband demand continues to grow There is no stopping the thirst for broadband

Unique, patented, meaningful barrier to entry The Technology Unique, patented, meaningful barrier to entry

Simple BPL Building Blocks 9/21/2018 Simple BPL Building Blocks Injector Injector: Launches signal on wire Also a WiFi Access Point WiFi Repeater: Extends network range Rcv’s & regenerates signal for next network segment Also a WiFi Access Point Repeater WiFi Extractor: Rcv’s signal and converts to WiFi WiFi Extractor

How does Amperion Connect Work? 9/21/2018 How does Amperion Connect Work? Small & Medium Business SOHO and Residential Falcon overhead PLC Substation Transformer <- Injector Transformer Lynx underground PLC 20 Mbps 40-70 HH passed per device $60/HH passed today $15-40/HH passed tomorrow

Technological Advantages 9/21/2018 Technological Advantages SAFETY PowerWiFi access provides a safe & economical way to connect and provision service No LV wires emissions Tested & approved by AEP Dolan Labs, Lightning Technology, NEETRAC STANDARDS BASED Off the shelf CPE …“buy anywhere” WiFi is already at scale of 10’s of millions (low cost) Continuous Advances HIGH SPEED Up to 24+ Mbps ROBUST DESIGN Built for carrier class and harsh environmental conditions & temperatures PROFITABLE Near “zero” CPE cost 25-50+ Household/Businesses passed per extraction unit

Technological Advantages 9/21/2018 Technological Advantages RAPID DEPLOYMENT Installation uses standard utility tools & techniques minimizing crew time Typical installation AND provisioning is about an 1 hour including bucket truck placement COVERAGE Stackable repeaters extend Powerline signal with minimal latency PowerWiFi range has been shown up to 750 ft. on OH and 600 ft. on UG Electric grid becomes one huge hot spot

Amperion Connect™ Products 9/21/2018 Amperion Connect™ Products Falcon™ Griffin™ Lynx™ Overhead – Wire Mount Overhead – Pole Mount Underground

Installations In The Field 9/21/2018 Installations In The Field Pole Mount Griffin Lynx Injector at the Substation Lynx mounted in transformer Falcon with Power unit

Insulated Coupler BIL Test 9/21/2018 Insulated Coupler BIL Test

Insulated Coupler Short Circuit Test 9/21/2018 Insulated Coupler Short Circuit Test

Services Enabled by Powerline 9/21/2018 Services Enabled by Powerline Broadband Surfing Streaming Gaming VoIP Core Utility AMR Capacitor Bank Control Device Activation/Monitoring Station Security Monitoring Load Management PowerWiFi Mobile Roaming Backhaul Cell Towers Remote DSLAMs LV PLC

Amperion’s BPL Enhance Utility Operations 9/21/2018 Amperion’s BPL Enhance Utility Operations CUSTOMER INTERFACE Automatic meter reading Home gateway (banking, bundled services) Service connect/disconnect Prepaid metering Pinpointing of power quality problem source 802.11 for customer representative applications 802.11 availability to police/fire (ex: Broomfield, CO) Energy theft detection LOAD and DISTRIBUTED GENERATION MANAGEMENT Demand-side management Real-time price signaling to customers Centralized dispatch of distributed generation Islanding of distributed generation and matched load Circuit load measurement for distributed gen. (peak shaving) Dynamic loading of station transformers DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION Automation of line sectionalizing devices (recloser or switch) VAR control (capacitors, regulator, voltage measurements) Isolation of faults on single phases; rapid restoration Verification that capacitor banks are switching as expected Outage location (within 1,000 feet or so) and notification DIAGNOSTIC MONITORING Measure conductor temperature, line voltage, status of line arrestors, fuses, line transformer Analyze line noise (EMI analysis) Improved real-time monitoring of underground networks Better knowledge of electrical losses Station to station networking (communications channel) Detection of cable deterioration OPERATIONS IMPROVEMENT Lineman access to maps, instruction book Create central repository for data fed by PLC reporting Work management; crew reporting via PLC/radio link Asset security monitoring Develop power flow profile in real time SYSTEM PROTECTION Fault recognition and location* Replacement for transmission carrier current communications Adaptive relay setting *Michigan now fines Utilities each time there is an outage, and bases the fine on the duration of the outage Utility Apps drive adoption, justify CAPEX, & provide efficiencies & a regulatory strategy; A $5B US market alone** **MSDW Estimate, Dec 2002

Future Advancements Technology <preso name> 9/21/2018 9/21/2018 Future Advancements Technology Higher delivered throughput (20+Mbps now- 100Mbps coming) Powerline Reach PowerWiFi Coverage Increased range and in-building penetration Mesh networking capability High Voltage Product Line Physical Characteristics Size, Weight, Power Consumption Standards and interoperability Applications Broadband Applications; driven into premise and personalized Integrated multimedia in-premise Smart Home applications Mobility Costs Process Amperion, Inc. Confidential and Proprietary

Regulatory Considerations <preso name> 9/21/2018 Regulatory Considerations Amperion, Inc. Confidential and Proprietary

Key Regulatory Issues to be Addressed 9/21/2018 Key Regulatory Issues to be Addressed PLC vendors must comply with FCC’s radio frequency emissions standards PLC emits RF signals; FCC Part 15 limits what can be radiated without a license. Amperion products operate from 1.7-30 MHz, but PLC equipment could operate up to 88 MHz Amperion’s products comply with existing FCC regulations; any relaxation enhances performance PLC vendors must determine fees between regulated utility and service provider Utility must be compensated for use of wires, attachments, and substation real estate Fees must not be so burdensome as to discourage deployment of PLC products PLC encourages competition PLC provides competitive alternative for ISPs that can use this technology to provide services PLC deployments provide open access at the ISP level; any provider can utilize the equipment Technical limitation: only one MV PLC provider can deploy equipment on the same wires Amperion exploring the means for coexistence of multiple MV PLC providers on a single network

BPL Can Thrive Under Existing FCC Rules 9/21/2018 BPL Can Thrive Under Existing FCC Rules “I wish to emphasize that the (NOI) should in no way slow down BPL deployment. Several companies have told me they can deploy BPL under existing rules. I strongly support such efforts. This inquiry is meant to facilitate BPL technology.” Commissioner Kevin Martin - April 23, 2003

BPL Can Reduce Distribution Line Radio Interference 9/21/2018 BPL Can Reduce Distribution Line Radio Interference Electric distribution lines can be noisy Noise is caused by loose hardware, cracked insulators, deteriorating insulation, broken wires, etc Resultant noise is broadband and impacts BPL BPL deployments reveal noise sources Most utilities gladly make repairs, eliminating future electrical problems BPL continuously monitors lines for new noise sources

Lost in the Electrical Noise 9/21/2018 Lost in the Electrical Noise

Amperion a Leader in BPL Industry 9/21/2018 Amperion a Leader in BPL Industry Participating in BPL industry groups to form strong, unified voice Amperion helped create the United PowerLine Council UPLC seeking cooperation among industry groups (IEEE, PLCforum, EPRI, EEI, etc.) approaching FCC, legislators and other interested parties such as Homeland Security office actively promoting industry helping to develop standards Monitoring/Influencing Legislative & Regulatory Activities Working with FCC Office of Engineering & Technology Meeting with key legislators to influence broadband legislation Identifying gov’t funding opportunities: broadband deployments to underserved areas Interacting with state Public Utility Commissions to educate them on the benefits of BPL

Customer Deployments <preso name> 9/21/2018 Amperion, Inc. Confidential and Proprietary

Deployment Sites Birmingham, AL Dublin, OH Boise, ID Allentown, PA 9/21/2018 Deployment Sites Dublin, OH Technical Trial Site Utility Based Services demonstration Allentown, PA Commercial deployment Residential and Small-Medium Business Trial Raleigh, NC Residential, Small-Medium Business, and Utility Based Applications Expanding deployment now Birmingham, AL Residential Deployment Expanding in 2004 Boise, ID Commercial deployment Residential and Small-Medium Business Trial Penn Yan, NY Rural and Small Bus Expanding to serve entire community Broadband High speed data connectivity DVD quality video Streaming audio and video Voice over IP Bulk file download Utility Functionality Demonstrated AMR Capacitor Bank Control Device Activation/Monitoring Station Security Monitoring Load Management

Typical Customer Reaction 9/21/2018 Typical Customer Reaction "I had been very skeptical about broadband PLC. But after testing Amperion's system for the past several months I can say now, unequivocally, that PLC works and works well. We hope to use our grid to deliver broadband to our customers, and at the same time we may be able to improve our internal operations with utility-centric functions such as cable monitoring and system automation. Ultimately, our customers and our shareholders are the ones that will benefit." Matt Oja, Progress Energy

BPL Standard’s Purpose 9/21/2018 BPL Standard’s Purpose Since some BPL equipment could be accessible to the general public, standards are needed to insure public safety Standards will enable utilities to quickly develop a BPL program without investigating every possible hardware solution for safety and useability. Non-utility personnel, working in close proximity to areas that are commonly considered off-limits, require a clear delineation of acceptable procedures, and detailed construction practices that will provide them a safe working environment.

BPL Standard’s Proposed Scope 9/21/2018 BPL Standard’s Proposed Scope Provide Utilities and Manufacturers standards for the commonly used hardware for BPL installations Provide standard installation, maintenance and operation methods to ensure the safety of both Utility and Non-utility personnel working on BPL equipment. This standard will not cover data transmission, protocols, emissions or other aspects of BPL related to the internal workings of this technology.

Typical Standardization Topics 9/21/2018 Typical Standardization Topics Safety Standards – Overhead Couplers Maximum weight Dielectric Withstand BIL Testing Methods Hot-Stick Application Safety Standards – Pole-mount Enclosures Grounding – utility space and communications space installation LV and MV connection standards and insulation levels. Safety Standards – Pad-mount Enclosures

BPL’s Time Has Finally Arrived 9/21/2018 BPL’s Time Has Finally Arrived The technical questions have mostly been answered The economic advantages will grow with scale The utility benefits will include both better electric system reliability and a new revenue stream Broadband access will be extended to populations that other technologies can not afford to reach BPL performance will get better and better as more R&D funds flow back into product development New jobs will be created to support this brand new industry