Bellringer Complete day 4 and 5

The New Deal QC Standards: D.1.g. Evaluate the impact of the New Deal on various elements of American society (e.g., social, political, environmental, economic) Learning Targets o I can compare/contrast Hoover’s response to the Great Depression with FDR’s response. o I can define New Deal. o I can explain major social, environmental, and economic programs of the New Deal. o I can describe the criticisms of FDR’s New Deal.

What would you believe? Which ideology do you think would have been most effective in addressing the economic problems of the Great Depression? Radical Ideology - supports sweeping changes to society, including the economy. During the Great Depression, communist radicals hoped to do away with capitalism and give the federal government control of the economy. Conservative Ideology - supports letting the economy stabilize by itself and opposes large governmental efforts to effect change. During the Great Depression, conservatives believed that the economy would recover on its own, without government interference. Liberal Ideology - supports government involvement in the economy. During the Great Depression, liberals believed the federal government had a responsibility to relieve Americans’ misery with public works projects and social welfare programs.

Examples Radical Conservative Liberal With your partner, put one quote, one policy, and one description under the ideology it best fits.

Answer Key

Hoover continued staying out of the economy didn’t believe in direct relief asked businesses not to lay off workers asked unions not to strike Hoover Dam, Federal Home Loan Bank Act, Reconstruction Finance Corporation Actions = Hoover Dam: Located in Colorado the dam provides not only electricity and flood control, it’s a regular water supply that enabled the growth of California’s massive agricultural economy. Federal Home Loan Bank Act: Lowered mortgage rates for homeowners and allowed farmers to re-finance Reconstruction Finance Corporation: Aimed to provide government credit to banks

Hoover and the “Bonus Army” World War I vets marched on Washington D.C. to get compensated adequately for their wartime services. Hoover orders his generals to disband the Bonus Army.

1932 Presidential Election People blamed the government and Hoover for the Depression Franklin Roosevelt (Dem. Candidate) promises a “New Deal” for Americans saying the gov. should and would help them out FDR was elected almost 2-1 with his promise of the New Deal

Roosevelt’s First Steps as President Inaugural Address: “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself” Fireside Chats: Roosevelt’s way to communicate to the American people directly Bank Holiday: All banks temporarily close to ease panic 1st Hundred Days …start of the First New Deal (plan introduced by FDR to transform America economically, socially, and politically)

Presidential Use of Mass Media http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osYAEggOtI8&list=PL3833257914F80DA9 Presidential Use of Mass Media

3 R’s RELIEF RECOVERY REFORMS Short term efforts to give help to those who need it IMMEDIATELY RECOVERY Short term and long term effects to help those get better for the future REFORMS Long term changes to the system which were intended to last for years

The First New Deal Creating jobs: Help for Rural Areas Public Works Administration (PWA) – construction projects Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – projects in national parks, forests Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) – building dams Help for Rural Areas Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) - paying farmers to plant fewer crops Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Regulating Banking Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) Federal Deposit Insurance Commission (FDIC)

Protests and Political Challenges Some believed the New Deal had gone too far in expanding the role of the federal government while others thought it should do more to help the needy.

The Second New Deal Creating jobs Works Progress Administration (WPA) Protecting workers National Labor Relations Board to protect workers’ rights (Wagner Act). Social Security Act – created safety net for retirement, disability, and unemployment.

Impacts of the New Deal Social – Strengthened labor movement Women, and minorities benefited only somewhat from the New Deal. FDR did not support civil rights efforts. Political – The federal gov’t took on more responsibility Economic – Reigned in the financial system Put many people back to work Environmental – Reduced over-farming Improved national parks Dams altered ecosystems

Critics of the New Deal Many programs were only temporary solutions. Increased national debt. 1932-1939 ($19.5million$40.5million) Said FDR was a dictator (court packing; increased power of executive branch) The New Deal did not end the Great Depression. WWII ended the Great Depression

Court Packing Plan - 1937 6 of 9 justices were over 70 and thought it was their duty to rule against FDR (programs were “socialist”). FDR wants to add 1 new justice for every justice over 70 (cap at 15 justices). Roosevelt's initiative ultimately failed.

Assessment Political Cartoons Choose 5 political cartoons. Determine which cartoons are pro-FDR and which are anti-FDR. For EACH, you must include: Title of Cartoon (if there is one) Description of what’s going on in the cartoon For FDR or Against FDR Supporting evidence (how you know it’s for or against)

Exit Slip: Thesis Statement Was the expansion of government during the New Deal beneficial for all Americans?