CNI Spring Meeting Washington, D. C CNI Spring Meeting Washington, D.C. 5 April 2005 The Global Reach of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Edward A. Fox, fox@vt.edu Digital Library Research Laboratory, Dept. of CS Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA http://fox.cs.vt.edu/talks/2005/ http://fox.cs.vt.edu

Acknowledgements: Support Selected Sponsors: Adobe, AOL, CAPES, CNI, CONACyT, DFG, IBM, Microsoft, NDLTD, NSF (IIS-9986089, 0086227, 0080748, 0325579; ITR-0325579; DUE-0121679, 0136690, 0121741, 0333601), OCLC, SOLINET, SUN, SURA, UNESCO, US Dept. Ed. (FIPSE), VTLS Our efforts have been made possible through the support of sponsors, faculty, staff, and students. We gratefully acknowledge their assistance and collaboration. IBM has donated a large amount of equipment. The largest grants have come from NSF, FIPSE, and SURA. Content has been shared by ACM in a variety of efforts related to learning about computing. Many companies, like Adobe, Microsoft, and OCLC, have provided software and related assistance. A large number of colleagues have worked on the various projects discussed. Students, serving as research assistants, preparing a thesis or dissertation, or engaged in class projects, have helped develop many of the systems and publications about Virginia Tech digital library initiatives.

Outline Introduction, Context Electronic Theses and Dissertations ETD Support and Services NDLTD Institutional Repositories Research

Information Life Cycle Creation Active Authoring Modifying Social Context Using Creating Organizing Indexing Retention / Mining Accessing Filtering Storing Retrieving Semi- Active Utilization This is a simplification of the previous slide. Distributing Networking Inactive Searching

What are we doing? Aiding universities to enhance graduate education, publishing and IPR efforts Helping improve the availability and content of theses and dissertations Educating ALL future scholars so they can publish electronically and effectively use digital libraries (i.e., are Information Literate and can be more expressive) 2 3 4 4 4

Library Goals Improve library services Better turn-around time Always available Reduce work catalog from e-text eliminate handling: mailing to ProQuest, bindery prep, check-out, check-in, reshelving, etc. Save space ETDs give libraries an avenue to demonstrate Information Age goals

A Digital Library Case Study Project: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations (NDLTD) http://www.ndltd.org Domain: graduate education, research Genre:ETDs=electronic theses & dissertations Submission: http://etd.vt.edu Collection: http://www.theses.org

NDLTD: How can a university get involved? Select planning/implementation team Graduate School Library Computing / Information Technology Institutional Research / Educ. Tech. Join online, give us contact names www.ndltd.org/join Adapt Virginia Tech or other proven approach Build interest and consensus Start trial / allow optional submission 17 17 17 22 16

Student Gets Committee Signatures and Submits ETD Approval form Signed Grad School 10

Digital library access control Library Catalogs ETD, Access is Opened to the New Research WWW NDLTD Digital library access control 12

What is an ETD? What it can look like: http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-2227102539751141/ What is an ETD? What it can look like: It can have the appearance of a paper document. It can contain a video clip. It can contain sound. It can contain thumbnail pages and links to aid navigation. It can have a unique layout. It can have photomicrographs. It can contain a simulation. The library resources used in an ETD initiative can include http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-2227102539751141/

http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-4220121649751351/ Unique layout Links wing an doutside the work What resources does it take to initiate and support ETDs?

ETD Union Collection (OAI)

Union catalog: OCLC OCLC will expand OAI data provider on TDs. Is getting data from WorldCat (so, from many sites!). Will harvest from all others who contact them. Need DC and either ETD-MS or MARC. Has a set for ETDs.

OCLC SRU Interface

Example Open Digital Library 1010100101010010101010010101010101010101 Program Document ETD-1 ETD-2 Image ETD-3 Video ETD-4 ODLRecent USER INTERFACE Recent ODLUnion PMH Filter PMH ODLUnion Browse Union PMH ODLBrowse PMH ODLUnion Filter PMH Search ODLSearch ETD DL for the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (www.ndltd.org) Students and researchers ETD collections

ETD Union Search Mirror Site in China (CALIS) (http://ndltd.calis.edu.cn – popular site!)

VTLS Union Catalog Content Languages The VTLS NDLTD Union Catalog has data in 6 different languages. These are: English German Greek Korean Portuguese Spanish Examples follow

Language = German; hits = 137

Full record display

UNESCO and ETDs (by Axel Plathe at ETD2003) Promoting the use of the Internet as a tool for disseminating scientific knowledge Facilitating the transfer of ETD expertise from developed to developing countries   1998: Member of the NDLTD Steering Committee 1999: First UNESCO ETD meeting on ETD internationalisation 2002: “UNESCO Guide to Electronic Theses and Dissertations” 2003: Model training programmes and training courses 2003: Sponsor pilot projects 2003: Pilot projects (Africa, Europe, Latin-America)

NDLTD Incorporation Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations incorporated May 20, 2003 in Virginia, USA Charitable and educational purposes (501 c 3) Officers Executive Director (Ed Fox) Secretary (Gail McMillan) Treasurer (Scott Eldredge)

Board of Directors Suzie Allard (ETD 2004, U. Kentucky) Denise A. D. Bedford (World Bank) Julia C. Blixrud (ARL, SPARC) José Luis Borbinha (Natl Lib Portugal) Alex Byrne (ETD 2005, ADT: Australia) Tony Cargnelutti (ETD 2005, Australia) Vinod Chachra (VTLS) Susan Copeland (RGU, UK) Jude Edminster (Bowling Green St. U.) Scott Eldredge (Treasurer, ETD 2002, BYU) Edward A. Fox (Exec Director,Virginia Tech) John H. Hagen (West Virginia U.) Thomas B. Hickey (OCLC) Christine Jewell (U. Waterloo, Canada) Delphine Lewis (ProQuest) Joan K. Lippincott (CNI) Mike Looney (Adobe) Gail McMillan (Secretary, Virginia Tech) Joseph Moxley (ETD 2000, USF) Eva Müller (U. Uppsala, Sweden) Ana Pavani (PUC Rio, Brazil) Axel Plathe (UNESCO, Paris) Sharon Reeves (National Library Canada) Peter Schirmbacher (ETD 2003, Humboldt) Hussein Suleman (U.Cape Town, S. Africa) Shalini R. Urs (U. Mysore, India) Eric F. Van de Velde (ETD 2001, Caltech)

NDLTD Committees (Chairs) Awards (John Hagen) Conferences (Tony Cargnelutti) Development (Peter Schirmbacher) Executive (Edward Fox) Finance (Scott Eldredge) Implementation (Ana Pavani) Membership (Shalini Urs) Nominating (Sharon Reeves) Standards (Thomas B. Hickey) Union Catalog (Vinod Chachra)

Selected Projects / Sponsors Australia (ADT) Brazil (BDT, IBICT) Canada Catalunya Chile (Cybertesis) Germany India (Vidyanidhi) Korea OhioLINK: 79 colleges/univs Portugal (National Library) South Africa UK (British Library, JISC, Edinburgh, …) UNESCO (especially Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa) Venezuela

Some Countries Namibia Australia Netherlands Belgium Norway Brazil Poland Russia Singapore S. Africa S. Korea Spain Sudan Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey UK USA Venezuela Yugoslavia Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Chile China, Hong Kong Columbia Finland France Germany Greece India Italy Jamaica Korea Lithuania Malaysia Mexico

Some Institutional Members British Library Cinemedia Coalition for Networked Information (CNI) Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya Diplomica.com Dissertation.com Dissertationen Online (Germany) ETDweb, a Division of Answer4.com Ibero-American Science & Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC) National Documentation Centre (NDC), Greece National Library of Portugal (for all universities) OCLC Online Computer Library Center OhioLINK Organization of American States (SEDI/OAS) Southeastern Library Network (SOLINET) UNESCO (www.unesco.org/webworld/etd) 13 11 16 11

Why ETD? Short Answer For Students: For Universities: For the World: Gain knowledge and skills for the Information Age Richer communication (digital information, multimedia, …) For Universities: Easy way to enter the digital library field and benefit thereby For the World: Global digital library – large, useful, many services General: Save time and money Increased visibility for all associated with research results

Institutional Repositories - 1 “Institutional repositories are digital collections that capture and preserve the intellectual output of a single university or a multiple institution community of colleges and universities.” Crow, R. “Institutional repository checklist and resource guide”, SPARC, Washington, D.C., USA www.arl.org/sparc/IR/IR_Guide_v1.pdf

Institutional Repositories - 2 “A university-based institutional repository is a set of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members. It is most essentially an organizational commitment to the stewardship of these digital materials, including long-term preservation where appropriate, as well as organization and access or distribution.” Lynch, C.A. In ARL Bimonthly Report 226, pp. 1-7, Feb. 2003, www.arl.org/newsltr/226/ir.html

What is a Digital Object Repository? Also called: digital rep., digital asset rep., institutional repository Stores and maintains digital objects (assets) Provides external interface for Digital Objects Creation, Modification, Access Enforces access policies Provides for content type disseminations Adapted from Slide by V. Chachra, VTLS

Goals of Institutional Repositories (by Steven Harnad, U. Southampton) Self Archiving of Institutional Research Thesis and Dissertations (VTLS NDLTD Project) Article preprints and post prints Internal documents and maps Management of digital collections Preservation of materials – decentralized approach Housing of teaching materials Electronic Publishing of journals, books, posters, maps, audio, video and other multimedia objects Adapted from Slide by V. Chachra, VTLS

Research: Connect w. LOCKSS Lots of copies keep stuff safe Stanford (Vicky Reich) Initial focus on lower levels Initial content: journals Emory (Martin Halbert) Help deploy and adapt Help apply in other contexts Another registry Set of publisher manifests (information providers) Set of storage systems (archival storage) Helping us explore connection with ETDs

Other Research: Cluster NDLTD-Computing

Summary Introduction, Context Electronic Theses and Dissertations ETD Support and Services NDLTD Institutional Repositories Research