ATMS600v3 SensAqua AS Remote sensing in aquatic systems

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 20 Electrochemistry
Advertisements

Fig. 22-1a (p.629) A galvanic electrochemical cell at open circuit
Electricity from Chemical Reactions
MLAB 2401: C LINICAL C HEMISTRY K ERI B ROPHY -M ARTINEZ Designs in Instrumentation Electrochemistry.
Unit 11- Redox and Electrochemistry
Lecture 6a Cyclic Voltammetry.
Actual groups of customers The determination of heavy metals related to monitoring of the environment has gained increasing interest. Our new method enables.
Automatic Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Waters Øyvind Mikkelsen and Knut Schrøder SensAqua AS and Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Anode: Zn (s) Zn 2+ (aq) + 2e - (simplified) Cathode: (simplified reaction) 2 NH 4 + (aq) + 2MnO 2(s) + 2e - Mn 2 O 3(s) + 2 NH 3(aq) + H 2 O Overall reaction:
MEASUREMENTS OF HEAVY METALS IN FLUIDS WITH VOLTAMMETRIC METHODS Øyvind Mikkelsen and Knut H. Schrøder Norwegian University of Science and technology Department.
Chapter 23 Electrochemistry
© Sauvé 2002 Sébastien Sauvé Department of Chemistry Université de Montréal Metal speciation using ion-selective electrodes.
Manufacturer & supplier of heavy metal and environmental analysis instrumentation for the global market The Technology to Test.
Novocontrol Alpha Analyzers Fundamentals
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY CHEM 3811 CHAPTER 15 DR. AUGUSTINE OFORI AGYEMAN Assistant professor of chemistry Department of natural sciences Clayton state university.
Electroanalytical Chemistry
Electrochemistry 18.1 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
Chapter 20 Preview Multiple Choice Short Answer Extended Response
REMOTE MONITORING OF HEAVY METALS INN IN NATURAL WATER AND EFFLUENTS Department of Chemistry, NTNU.
negative electrode (anode) positive electrode (cathode)
Electrochemistry Electrons in Chemical Reactions.
Chapter 26. An electrochemical cell A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. A Daniell cell is a device that could supply a useful.
16-1 Voltammetry Electrochemistry techniques based on current (i) measurement as function of voltage (E appl ) Working electrode §(microelectrode) place.
Voltammetry: A Look at Theory and Application Bobby Diltz 14 March 2005.
Automatic and Unattended Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Waters with Long-term Stability of the Measurements and with no Toxic material needed Øyvind Mikkelsen.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
Chapter 21.  Two types: ◦ Voltaic cell: electrons flow spontaneously ◦ Electrolytic cell: electrons are forced to flow.
1 Chapter Eighteen Electrochemistry. 2 Electrochemical reactions are oxidation-reduction reactions. The two parts of the reaction are physically separated.
Electrochemical Methods Dr M.Afroz Bakht. Potentiometry Potentiometry is a method of analysis used in the determination of concentration of ions or substances.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS In redox reactions, there is a chemical reaction and an exchange of electrons between the particles being oxidized and reduced. An.
The Islamic University of Gaza- Environmental Engineering Department
Free Residual Chlorine Measurement
Galvanic Cells ELECTROCHEMISTRY/CHEMICAL REACTIONS SCH4C/SCH3U.
POTENTIALS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF CELLS (1) POTENTIALS AND THERMODYNAMICS OF CELLS (1)
F-900 PORTABLE ETHYLENE ANALYZER INSTRUMENT TRAINING
ELECTROCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF URANIUM IN SALINE SOLUTIONS Matthew Kirby, 1 Pascal Salaun, 2 Jonathan Watson, 1 and Dominik Weiss. 1 1 Department of.
Chapter 21 Electrochemistry. Voltaic Cells  Electrochemical cells used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy  Produced by spontaneous redox.
mr4iE. batteries containers of chemicals waiting to be converted to electricity the chemical reaction does not.
Dr. Rasha Hanafi Lecture 8 Non- potentiometric methods of analysis: Amperometry and Voltammetry (Polarography) Dr. Rasha Hanafi Dr. Rasha Hanafi, GUC.
Home Reading Skoog et al. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. Sections 18A, 18C ( in chapter 18 ), Chapter 23.
Field Equipment Calibration PH, Temperature, Conductivity, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, Free & Total Chlorine Gregory Langland CCSF.
Electrochemistry. three principal sources for the analytical signal potential, current, charge a wide variety of experimental designs are possible.
Secondary Cell Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) Cells and Batteries
Chapter 27 – Cells and Batteries
Potentiometry and potentiometric measurements
EMSA 22 Lab Module 1 Field Equipment Calibration
Stripping Methods of Analysis
BioTector Diagnostic Download
Voltammetry and Polarography
Lecture 7a Cyclic Voltammetry.
Electrochemistry: Introduction Electrochemistry at your finger tips
Voltammetric sensing of mercury(II) ion by using bimetallic nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode Samia Siddiqqui National centre of excellence.
Analytical Chemistry II Spring 2017
What are batteries? How do they work?.
Speciation and Lability of Zn(II) in River Waters
Electrochemical cells
Advanced Higher Chemistry Unit 2(e)
Chapter 10 Electrolytic Cells 10.7.
10.2 Electrochemistry Objectives S2
Dnyanasadhana College, Thane.
Electrochemistry.
Chapter 10 ELECTROLYTIC CELLS 10.7.
Philippe Dekleva and Scott Noblitt MicroChemica, LLC Fort Collins, CO
Dnyanasadhana College, Thane.
January 2018 Electrochemistry Chemistry 30.
Electrochemistry Lesson 3
Automatic monitoring of labile copper with special focus for aquaculture installations with and without recycling of the water Copper and other heavy metals.
Automatic monitoring of labile copper with special focus for aquaculture installations with recycling of water ATMS600.
2. Electrochemical techniques complementary to cyclic voltammetry.
Electrochemistry Kenneth E. Schnobrich.
Presentation transcript:

ATMS600v3 SensAqua AS Remote sensing in aquatic systems The SensAqua Automatic Trace Metal monitoring System for remote, unattended, automatic and continuous monitoring of heavy metals A measuring station under a bridge The ATMS600v3 Technical Specifications The ATMS600v3 consists of one cabinet, inside is a smaller unit with the main electronics and the water system with pumping stirring and draining and the measuring cell with electrodes. As an option, an additional water system can be connected. The ATMS600 is run by a microprocessor unit and not by a computer. Howev- er, a computer is needed for starting up, input/output and graphical presenta- tions. Electrode system: Patented Alloys Silver/Silver Chloride Platinum Software: POS V1.5 (or above) running Windows 2000™/XP/Vista/7 (32 or 64 bit) Data storage: Compact Flash Card (CF) or computer Dimension: 40 x 30 x 17 cm (ATMS600v3D 60 x 30 x 17 cm) Weight: 8 kg, (ATMS600D 12 kg) Power Supply: 12 V DC (or adapter) Polarization: Voltage range: ± 5 V Sweep Types: Differential Pulse/SquareWave/Staircase Sweep Direction: Anodic/Cathodic Min. Sweep Step Height: 5/8 mV Min Sweep Step duration: 10 ms Measurements ATMS600v3 Also available as a dual-cell version, ATMS600v3D, and as a low-cost non-automatic version for laboratory use, From an integrated measuring station in Poland Quantification of several different metals using one or two sensors (Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Tl, Hg, As etc.) in the ppb level Environmental friendly non-toxic electrodes and chemicals High sensitivity, down to 1 ppb (1 µg/L), with typical measuring accuracy ± 10 % at 10 ppb Automatic updating of software and firmware on Internet Stable over time, typical one month without attendance Simple maintenance, with all electronics on one microprocessor card Short time for each analysis (2-5 minutes) Almost neglectable operating costs and maintenance Compact wall version, but can also be supplied as a complete floor cabinet or as a simplified version for manual use in a laboratory. Integrated automatic systems can also be offered, also to measure pH, TOC, conductivity etc. User friendly calibration Automated sampling pretreatment and analysis Automatic electrochemical cleaning of electrodes Quantification of various metal forms (species) Small sample volume (35 mL) Simple and user friendly software for equipment control and presentation of results Real time/on-line data presentation, if wanted on the Internet Input impedance: > 10 Ω Current ranges: ±2 µA, 20 µA, 200 µA Resolution Current measurement: 16-bit Resolution Feedback: 16-bit Voltammetry Linear Scan, CV, Differential Pulse, Square Wave, Anodic/Cathodic Stripping Communication USB/RS232 Communication over Modbus in RTU mode Mode LAN Data delivery through web services or TCP direct 4 - 20 mA SMS warning 9 No liquid mercury No mercury salts No toxic materials Further information: sensaqua@sensaqua.com www.sensaqua.com Tel. +47 21 68 79 29

The ATMS600 can be monitored automatically by using Internet VOLTAMMETRY is an electroanalytical method where met- als or other species are determined through their redox and diffu- sion properties, like. for the reduction of zinc ions or oxidation of solid zinc metal to Zn2+ ions: Zn2+ + 2e- = Zn(s) or Zn(s) = Zn2+ + 2e- This is a very sensitive analysis technique that is very suited for the detection of heavy metals for online and automatic monitoring as no other methods can be used for such purposes. Voltammetry is fast, simple and has low analysis costs. The instruments re- quired are also low cost relative to ICP, ICP-MS and chromato- graphic methods. The method has good sensitivity and a detection limit for the most important heavy metals in the lower ppb region or lower. As a result, the method is suitable for use in analyses of drinking water, industrial processes etc. The main advantage with this method, compared with other meth- ods, is that this can be used for unmanned remote monitoring A three-electrode system with a working elec- trode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode is used. The reference electrode is used to control a given potential over time profile vs. the working electrode at zero cur- rent. The current flow is measured between the working electrode and the counter elec- trode, and a voltage is applied there to obtain the mentioned time profile. There are many different voltammetric tech- niques, depending upon the given time pro- file. The most common are Linear Scan Volt- ammetry, Square Wave Voltammetry and Differential Pulse Voltammetry. Stripping Voltammetry is amongst the most sensitive procedures when combined with one of the mentioned techniques. Using this meth- od, the metal is initially reduced to the solid metal that is deposited on the surface of the working electrode and thus enriched, fol- lowed by an oxidation of that metal. Higher sensitivity can be achieved by increasing the deposition time. One serious problem in voltammetry is the side reaction: 2H+ + 2e- = H2(g) as this will give an interfering electrical cur- rent. This current has traditionally been sup- pressed by using a measuring electrode of liq- uid mercury or a mercury film electrode, this in turn being made from a mercury salt. This is because mercury has a very high overpo- tential relative to hydrogen. Neither liquid mercury nor a mercury salt can be accepted due to the toxicity, in particu- lar for off-laboratory use. Extensive research has been performed internationally for years to find alternative electrode materials. The breakthrough came in 2000 when re- searchers at Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU, Department of Chemistry, Trondheim, Norway found that certain solid alloys had positive properties for suppressing the mentioned hydrogen reaction. This has been further developed and is pa- tented internationally. The ATMS for remotely and unattended to monitor heavy metals in water and effluents is based on comprehensive documentation, pub- lications and presentations being available on request. Electrodes Measuring cell with electrodes From the programming panel Typical results of measurements over time in a river close to a mining area in Norway A typical voltammetric curve Actual groups of users Five requirements are needed for making such automatic voltammetric analyses useful: Private and public institutions – surveillance of quality of municipal drinking water and effluents Already established automatic monitoring stations, also to include heavy metals Metal and metallurgical industry Terminated industrial areas and mines Construction work Oil and shipping Solid waste and incineration plants Sea farming Fundamental research and laboratory use Sufficient high overvoltage to allow the measurements without interferences from hydrogen gas formation Sufficient long term stability without need of mainte- nance Sufficient sensitivity to allow monitoring of trace pollu- tants That non-toxic material is used (very important for off- laboratory methods) Not too expensive material needed Principle for a three electrode system The ATMS600 can be monitored automatically by using Internet

ATMS600v3 General detection limit in natural water (drinking water and pure lake water) is in the low ppb area. Some approximate guiding electro labile values using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry Metal to de- tect Working Elec- trode Supporting electrolyte (high purity chemicals needed) Ep (V) 1) Det. Limit 2) Ligand to add Mn(II) Solid silver alloy Ammonium chloride buffer (pH 6.4) (or NH4Cl 0.02 M) -1.45 < 5 ppb Zn(II) -1.05 Cd(II) -0.65 Pb(II) -0.50 < 2 ppb Tl(I) Acetate buffer pH 6.4 -0.75 Bi(III) Ammonium chloride buffer (pH 3)(or NH4Cl 0.02 M) -0.35 < 10 ppb Cu(II) Solid gold alloy HCl (0.01 M) +0.25 < 1 ppb Ni(II) Ammonium chloride buffer (pH 9.6) -0.95 DMG4) Co(II) -1.15 Hg(II) HNO3 (10 mM) and HCl (10 mM) +0.55 Cr(VI) HCl (0.1 M) As(III) HCl (0.2 M) +0.15 Fe(II)/Fe(III) Tri-sodium citrate 5.5 hydrate or NH4Cl (0.02 M) -0.80 DMG = Dimethylglyoxime. Deposition time = 360 s 2) 1) Peak potentials (Ep) might differ in accordance to used reference electrode (RE), (table values against newly made Ag-AgCl/KCl 3 M RE). (Counter electrode is Platinum). 2) For increased sensitivity the deposition time can be expended, but deposition time longer than 1800 seconds is not recommended. Further in- crease of the sensitivity can also be obtained by using square wave voltammetry. 3) By adsorptive differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (deposition potential at – 0.75 V for 60 s). 4) If Ni(II) and Co(II) is present simultaneously in the sample; use a mixture of DMG (0.3 mM), oxine (0.02 mM) and nioxime (0.01 mM). (Maximum number of metals detected simultaneously is five metal, including Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) (on Solid silver alloy Working Electrode).