Bell Ringer (Feb 13) *Take out a sheet of paper *Name in right hand corner *Bell Ringers across top line *Why is it important to understand matter and how it changes?
Pure Substances and Mixtures (Page 99) Essential Question: How do we differentiate types of matter?
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
1. Pure Substance *A substance that is made up of only one type of molecule (the smallest part of a substance that’s still the substance). NO NO
**Molecules: *Elements: gold (Au), silver (Ag),
**Molecules: *Elements: carbon C oxygen O hydrogen H
**Molecules: *Elements (sodium Na, Chlorine Cl)
**Molecules: Pizza – NO!!!!!!!!! *Why Not???
1. Pure Substance *Can’t be changed into or broken down into other matter by physical changes
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
* Elements – a substance made up of only 1 kind of atom Gold chlorine sodium sulfur
118 Elements Pure Substances Elements – substances made up of one or more of the same kind of atom e.g. – oxygen(O), gold(Au), chlorine(Cl), aluminum (Al)
Metals – shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and can be shaped e * Metals – shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and can be shaped e.g. – aluminum, gold, iron, lead, nickel Gold sodium Nickel Lead
*Non-metals – not shiny and do not conduct heat or electricity well e.g. – hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen
*Metalloids – has properties of both metals and non-metals Examples – boron, silicon, arsenic
How do we identify elements? *By their chemical symbol Lead – Pb Nitrogen - N Sulfur - S
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
e.g. – water (H2O) salt (NaCl) alcohol (C2H6O) sugar(C12H22O11) Pure Substances Compounds – substances made up of two or more elements through a chemical reaction, or change e.g. – water (H2O) salt (NaCl) alcohol (C2H6O) sugar(C12H22O11)
*Compound: Sugar C12 O22 H11 Carbon C + Oxygen O + Hydrogen H
**Compound: Salt (NaCl) (Sodium Na + Chlorine Cl)
Compounds Elements: Compounds: Oxygen (O) Water (H2O) Hydrogen (H) Carbon (C) Sugar (C12H22O11) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Chlorine (Cl) Sodium (Na) Salt (NaCl) Iron (Fe) Rust (Fe2O2)
Bell Ringer (2/14) Explain how you can tell the difference between an element and a compound.
Pure Substances and Mixtures Essential Question: How do we differentiate types of matter?
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Mixtures *A combination of two or more substances that are physically combined
Mixtures *Can be separated by physical changes
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
evenly spread or mixed through the mixture Mixtures Homogeneous *the substances are evenly spread or mixed through the mixture *examples: Chocolate milk Kool-aid, soapy water
Mixtures *Solutions: a mixture where one substance is dissolved in another substance (salt water, tea)
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous
*the substances are not mixed or spread evenly through the mixture Mixtures Heterogeneous *the substances are not mixed or spread evenly through the mixture *examples: pizza, sandwich, soup
3. Acids & Bases *Acids – solution with pH level below 7 Examples – vinegar, milk, lemon juice *Neutral – pH exactly 7 (pure water) *Bases – solution with pH level above 7 Examples – baking soda, bleach, blood
Acidic (below 7) Neutral (exactly 7) Basic (above 7)
Lemon Juice (2) – Highly acidic Black Coffee (5) – Slightly acidic Highly Slightly Slightly Highly Acidic Acidic Basic Basic Lemon Juice (2) – Highly acidic Black Coffee (5) – Slightly acidic Baking Soda (9) – Slightly basic Bleach (13) – Highly basic
3. Acids & Bases **Salt – the chemical change when an acid solution is mixed with a base solution
Pure Substances and Mixtures Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogenous Heterogeneous http://viewpure.com/88MBCyiaPSM?start=0&end=0
Conclusion Quick Write – Explain why salt is considered a pure substance but salt water is not