Omg LOL brb afk rofl ftw g2g 2maro k 1. Where would you see these? 2. What makes them different from normal writing? 3. Why do we use these instead of writing complete words or sentences? 4. What are some advantages to using this type of communication? 5. Are there any symbols in our society that represent words or phrases?

Early Egypt 12,000 BC – People move into the area 6000 BC – Farming develops 3800 BC Mining copper (jewelry, tools) Discover bronze Glaze pottery 3000 BC – Writing emerges

Writing Hieroglyphics 600 signs, pictures, or symbols Represent words AND sounds Initially carved in stone, but too laborious

Writing Paper Ink Hieroglyphics → Created from papyrus plant Soot, water, and plant juice (mixed together) Hieroglyphics →

Demotic

Demotic

Rosetta Stone Found by French soldiers in AD 1799 Carved in 196 BC Hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek

Division of the Nile Over time, two distinct kingdoms formed Upper Egypt Lower Egypt

Unification c. 3200 BC, Menes united Egypt Established a dynasty (family of rulers) Gained new territory Improved irrigation and trade

Ruling Egypt Dynastic rulers were regarded as both religious and political leaders People regarded them as gods Built large temples and tombs to honor them Later, rulers took the title Pharaoh=“great house” Held absolute, unlimited power Served as judges, high priests, and generals of the armies